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Chapter 4: File Management, Virus Protection, and Backup

Chapter 4: File Management, Virus Protection, and Backup. Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics. 1. 1. 1. 1. Chapter 1 Preview. After this chapter, you should be able to: Define the term computer and identify the components of a personal computer system

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Chapter 4: File Management, Virus Protection, and Backup

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  1. Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics Chapter 4: File Management, Virus Protection, and Backup Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics 1 1 1 1

  2. Chapter 1 Preview After this chapter, you should be able to: • Define the term computer and identify the components of a personal computer system • Compare the computing capabilities of the computer categories • Describe operating systems • Evaluate the various ways you can connect a computer to the Internet and select an ISP Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  3. Chapter 1 Preview After this chapter, you should be able to: • Describe how Web servers, browsers, URLs, HTML, and HTTP contribute to the Internet resource known as the Web • Describe Internet communications and basic features • Demonstrate that you can use a search engine to locate information on the Web • Explain how an e-mail system works Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  4. Chapter 1 Outline • Section A • Computer Basics • Section B • Internet Basics • Section C • Web Basics • Section D • E-Mail Basics Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  5. Chapter 1Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics Section A: Computer Basics Computer Concepts 8th EditionParsons/Oja

  6. What is a computer? • A computer system includes a computer, peripheral devices, and software • Accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output • Inputrefers to whatever is sent to a computer system Page 4 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  7. Computer Basics What is a computer? • Data refers to the symbols that represent facts, objects, and ideas • Processing is the way that a computer manipulates data • A computer processes data in a device called the central processing unit (CPU) Page 4 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  8. What is a computer? • A computer stores data so that it will be available for processing • Memory is an area of a computer that holds data that is waiting to be processed, stored, or output • Storage is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis Page 5 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  9. Computer Basics What is a computer? • Computer output is the result produced by the computer • An output device displays, prints or transmits the results of processing Page 5 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  10. What is a computer? Page 5 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  11. Computer Categories • Before: • Categorized into three main categories: • microcomputers • minicomputers • mainframe computers • Today: • Categorized based on its technology, function, size, performance, and cost Page 6 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  12. Computer Categories • Today’s Computer Categories • Personal computers • Handheld computers • Workstations • Videogame Consoles • Mainframes • Supercomputers • Servers Page 6 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  13. What is a Personal Computer? • Microcomputer designed to meet the computing needs of an individual • Desktop computers • Notebook computers • Cost starts at $500, but most spend $1000 to $1200 Page 6 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  14. What is a tablet computer? • Portable computing device featuring a touch-sensitive screen • Prices range from $1,200 to over $2,000 Page 7 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  15. What is a handheld? • Designed to be used while you are holding it • Also called a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) • Send and receive e-mail • Use maps and global positioning • Maintain expense account, contacts, to-do lists, memos, etc. • Make voice calls using cellular service Page 7 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  16. What is a handheld? Page 7 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  17. What types of computers can be classified as workstations? • The term “workstation” has two meanings • Powerful desktop models • Ordinary personal computers • A computer network is two or more computers or other devices that are connected Page 8 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  18. Is a PlayStation a computer? • Yes, but typically it has not been considered a computer category • Today’s videogame systems contain microprocessors Page 8 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  19. What’s so special about a mainframe computer? • Large and expensive computer • Capable of passing data simultaneously for hundreds of thousands of users • Used by governments and large corporations Page 8 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  20. How powerful is a supercomputer? • One of the fastest computers in the world • Breaking codes • Modeling weather systems • Simulating nuclear explosions Page 8 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  21. What makes a computer a server? • A server serves the computers on a network by supplying them with data • A client requests data from a server • Any computer can be a server or a client Page 9 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  22. Personal Computer Systems Page 9 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  23. What’s a personal computer system? • A personal computer system consists of the following: • System unit • Display device • Keyboard • Mouse • Harddisk drive • CD and DVD drives Page 10 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  24. What’s a personal computer system? • Floppy disk drive • Sound card and speakers • Modem and network cards • Printer Page 10 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  25. What is a personal computer system? Page 10 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  26. What is a peripheral device? • Equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality • Printer • Digital camera • Scanner • Joystick • Graphics tablet Page 11 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  27. Data, Information, and Files • Data - symbols that represent people, events, things and ideas • Information - data that is presented in a format people can understand and use • Computers store data in digital format as a series of 1s and 0s. • Each 1 or 0 is called a bit • Eight bits is called a byte Page 11 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  28. What is a file? • A named collection of data that exists on a storage medium • A data file contains data such as the text for a document • An executable file contains the programs or instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task • A filename extension indicates a file’s contents • EXE • GIF Page 11 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  29. What is application software? • A set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task • Create, edit, and print documents • Manage money accounts • Create and edit home movies Page 12 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  30. What are the most popular operating systems? • Microsoft Windows • Windows XP • Windows Mobile • Palm OS • Mac OS • Linux • Unix Page 12 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  31. How does an operating system affect compatibility? • Two of the factors that influence compatibility and define a computer’s platform are the microprocessor and the operating system • PCs are based on the design of the IBM PC • Macs are based on a proprietary design for a personal computer called the Macintosh Page 13 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  32. Chapter 1Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics Section B: Internet Basics Computer Concepts 8th EditionParsons/Oja

  33. How does the Internet work? • The Internet is a collection of networks that are linked together to exchange data and distribute processing tasks • The main routes are referred to as the Internet backbone • Communication between all of the different devices on the Internet is made possible by TCP/IP Page 15 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  34. What kind of resources are available on the Internet? • Web Sites – various locations in cyberspace that correspond to a corporation, a store, a magazine, and more • Search engines – help catalog a huge portion of the data stored on Web sites • Downloads and uploads • P2P – peer-to-peer • Popular music and file exchange Web sites Page 16 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  35. What kind of resources are available on the Internet? • E-mail– electronic messages • Mailing list server • Bulletin boards – discussion groups • Usenet • Newsgroups • Blogs – refers to a personal journal posted on the Web Page 17 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  36. What kind of resources are available on the Internet? • Chat groups and instant messaging – interaction between users in real time • Internet telephony – telephone-style conversations to travel over the Internet • E-commerce – online activities such as banking and shopping Page 17 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  37. What kind of resources are available on the Internet? • Broadcasting – multicasting technology • Remote access and control –link two computers together and allow one to control the other • Telnet • SSH Page 17 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  38. What are my options for Internet connections? • Existing telephone line • Cable television line • Personal satellite link • Wireless or cell phone service • High-speed telephone services • ISDN, DSL Page 18 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  39. What are my options for Internet connections? Page 18 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  40. What’s the easiest, cheapest way to access the Internet? • Dial-up connection – relatively simple and inexpensive • Voiceband modem – converts digital signals into wave format to go over telephone lines and then at destination waves are converted back into digital • Dial-up top speed is 56 Kbps Page 18 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  41. Does a cable modem provide a faster Internet connection? • Requires 2 pieces of equipment • Network card – connects a personal computer to a local area network • Cable modem –changes computer’s signals into a form that can travel over cable TV links Page 19 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  42. Does a cable modem provide a faster Internet connection? • Referred to as an always-on connection • Top speed is around 1.5 Mbps (25 times faster than dial-up) • Suitable for most Internet activities, including real-time video and teleconferencing Page 19 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  43. What about access provided by a school or business network? • Typically schools and business connect to a local area network that is connected to the Internet • These connections are frequently always-on connections Page 20 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  44. What other high-speed Internet access options are available? • ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) – 64Kbps or 128 Kbps • DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) – anywhere from twice as fast to approx. 125 times faster than 56 Kbps • Comes from phone company, requires proximity to a switching station • DSS (Digital Satellite Service) – 500 Kbps Page 20 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  45. Internet Service ProvidersWhat’s an ISP? • A company that provides Internet access to businesses, organizations, and individuals • An ISP that offers dial-up connections, for example, maintains a bank of modems • AOL, Earthlink Page 20 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  46. How do I choose an ISP? • Geographical coverage • Type of service • Quality of service • Cost of monthly service • Cost of equipment and installation • Extra services • Customer service Page 21 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  47. User ID’s and Passwords • A user ID becomes a person’s unique identifier • A password is a different series of characters that verifies your identity • Some computers are case-sensitive; they differentiate between upper and lower case letters Page 22 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  48. How do I choose a secure password? Page 23 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

  49. Chapter 1Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics Section C: Web Basics Computer Concepts 8th EditionParsons/Oja

  50. The World Wide Web • The Web is a collection of files that can be linked and accessed using HTTP • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) - the protocol that allows Web browsers to communicate with Web servers • Many of these files produce documents called Web pages • Web site- location on a computer somewhere on the Internet that stores a collection of Web pages • http://www.yahoo.com Page 26 Chapter 1: Computer, Internet, Web, and E-Mail Basics

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