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Modernism

Modernism. 1914ish-1945ish. Difference between Realism and Modernism. o Whereas REALISM n Emphasized absolutism, and n Believed that a single reality could be determined through the observation of nature. o MODERNISM n Argued for cultural relativism

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Modernism

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  1. Modernism 1914ish-1945ish

  2. Difference between Realism and Modernism o Whereas REALISM n Emphasized absolutism, and n Believed that a single reality could be determined through the observation of nature o MODERNISM n Argued for cultural relativism n Believed that people make their own meaning in the world - subjectivity

  3. Value Differences in the Modern World Pre-Modern World Modern World (Early 20th Century) Chaotic Ordered Meaningful Futile Optimistic Pessimistic Stable Fluctuating Faith Loss of faith Morality/Values Collapse of Morality/Values Clear Sense of Identity Confused Sense of Identity and Place in the World

  4. World War I:1914 (1917-1918)

  5. WWI: Doughboys and Air Fights

  6. WWI: Trench Warfare and Poison Gas

  7. Russian Revolution: 1917

  8. Social Snapshot of the Times o Result of Political Turmoil n Revolutionary Ideologies Rise p Fascism n The separation and persecution or denial of equality to a certain group based on race, creed, or origin p Nazism n Socialism featuring racism, expansionism and obedience to a strong leader p Communism n Control of the means of production should rest in the hands of the laborers.

  9. Fascism and Nazism

  10. Communism

  11. Social Snapshot of the Times o Scientific Revolution n Quantum theory p Explains the nature of matter and energy on the atomic and subatomic level n Principle of Uncertainty p In quantum mechanics: increasing the accuracy of measurement of one observable quantity increases the uncertainty with which another may be known

  12. Snapshot of the Times: Implications for Nature of Reality Many-worlds (multi-verse) theory As soon as the potential exists for any object to be in any state, the universe of the object transmutes into a series of parallel universes equaling the number of possible states in which an object can exist. Stephen Hawking posits the possibility for interaction between universes. Albert Einstein, Theory of Relativity: time and space are interlinked. Another dimension possible. The possibilities of time travel, Black Holes, space is curved and multidimensional

  13. Forces Behind Modernism The sense that our culture has no center, no values. Paradigm Shift from the closed, finite, measurable, cause- and-effect universe of the 19th century to an open, relativistic, changing, strange universe

  14. Characteristics of Modernism in Literature Literature Exhibits Perspectivism Meaning comes from the individual’s perspective and is thus personalized A single story might be told from the perspective of several different people, with the assumption that the “truth” is somewhere in the middle

  15. Characteristics of Modernism in Literature Inner psychological reality or “interiority” is represented o Stream of consciousness—portraying the character’s inner monologue

  16. Characteristic of Modernism in Literature Perception of language changes: No longer seen as transparent, allowing us to “see through” to reality But now considered the way an individual constructs reality Language is “thick” with multiple meanings and varied connotative forces

  17. Characteristic of Modernism in Literature Emphasis on the Experimental Art is artifact rather than reality Organized non-sequentially Experience portrayed as layered, allusive, discontinuous, using fragmentation and juxtaposition Ambiguous endings—open endings which are seen as more representative of reality. Known as Ironists – layers of irony running through the text

  18. Characteristic of Modernism in Literature Bold experimentation in style, form, narrative, language, et. Rejection of traditional themes, values, subjects, sentimentality, artificiality, forms, genres, et. Disillusioned, faithless, hopeless, fragmented Rejection of the ideal, Romantic Hero and in favor of the flawed, disillusioned, Antihero

  19. The Armory Show: International Exhibition of Modern Art, 1913 Watershed date in American art Introduced astonished New Yorkers, accustomed to realistic art, to modern art Teddy Roosevelt said, “That’s not art!”

  20. Matisse

  21. Cubism Cubism—1909-1911 Art in which multiple views are presented simultaneously in flattened, geometric way.

  22. Cubism

  23. Dadaism Dadaism –deliberately irrational a protest against the barbarism of the War and oppressive intellectual rigidity Anti-art Strives to have no meaning Interpretation dependent entirely on the viewer Intentionally offends.

  24. Dadaism Duchamp

  25. Surrealism Surrealism Grew out of Dada and automatism. Reveals the unconscious mind in dream images, the irrational, and the fantastic. Impossible combinations of objects depicted in realistic detail.

  26. Surrealism Magritte Dali

  27. Jackson Pollock

  28. Futurism Futurism—grew out of Cubism. Added implied motion to the shifting planes and multiple observation points of the Cubists Celebrated natural as well as mechanical motion and speed. Glorified danger, war, and the machine

  29. Futurism Giacomo Balla Kandinsky

  30. Modernism Timeline 1914: Outbreak of WWI 1917: US enters war, Russian Revolution 1919: WWI ends, Einstein’s Relativity theory Prohibition begins

  31. Modernism Timeline 1920 League of Nations begins; 19thAmendment granting women the vote 1921—Irish Free State proclaimed 1922—Fascists march on Rome under Mussolini 1923—Charleston craze

  32. Modernism Timeline 1925— Image of human face televised Hitler published Mein Kampf 1927 Lindbergh flies solo across Atlantic Al Jolson, first talkie

  33. Modernism Timeline 1929—US stock market crashes 1933 Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany First German concentration camps Prohibition ends in US

  34. Modernism Timeline 1934—Hitler becomes dictator 1936—Civil War in Spain begins 1938—Germany occupies Austria 1939 Hitler and Stalin make pact Germany invades Poland Great Britain and France declare war on Germany

  35. Modernism Timeline 1941 Germany invades USSR Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, US enters war 1942 Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Midway 1944—D-Day invasion of France

  36. Modernism Timeline 1945 End of war in Europe Atomic bomb dropped on Japan First computer built Microwave oven invented United Nations founded

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