1 / 37

Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders. WEB. Anxiety as a Normal and an Abnormal Response. Some amount of anxiety is “normal” and is associated with optimal levels of functioning. Only when anxiety begins to interfere with social or occupational functioning is it considered “abnormal.”.

Mercy
Download Presentation

Anxiety Disorders

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Anxiety Disorders WEB

  2. Anxiety as a Normal and an Abnormal Response • Some amount of anxiety is “normal” and is associated with optimal levels of functioning. • Only when anxiety begins to interfere with social or occupational functioning is it considered “abnormal.”

  3. The Fear and Anxiety Response Patterns • Fear • Panic • Anxiety • Anxiety Disorder

  4. The Bell Curve

  5. An Important Law- The Yerkes Dodson Law

  6. Another Bell Curve- Courtesy of Our Good Buddies Yerkes-Dodsen

  7. Phobic Disorders • Phobias • Specific phobias • Social phobia • Agoraphobia

  8. Specific Phobias

  9. Specific Phobias • Psychosocial causal factors • Genetic and temperamental causal factors • Preparedness and the nonrandom distribution of fears and phobias • Treating specific phobias

  10. Social Phobia • General characteristics Fear of being in social situations in which one will be embarrassed or humiliated

  11. Social Phobia • Interaction of psychosocial and biological causal factors • Social phobias as learned behavior • Social fears and phobias in an evolutionary context • Preparedness and social phobia

  12. Social Phobia • Interaction of psychosocial and biological causal factors • Genetic and temperamental factors • Perceptions of uncontrollability • Cognitive variables

  13. Panic Disorder With and Without Agoraphobia • Panic disorder • Panic versus anxiety • Agoraphobia • Agoraphobia without panic

  14. Panic Disorder • Prevalence and age of onset • Comorbidity with other disorders • Biological causal factors • The role of Norepinephrine and Serotonin

  15. Panic and the Brain

  16. Panic Disorder • Genetic factors • Cognitive and behavioral causal factors • Interoceptive fears

  17. Panic Disorder: The Cognitive Theory of Panic

  18. Panic Disorder: The Cognitive Theory of Panic • Perceived control and safety • Anxiety sensitivity as a vulnerability factor for panic • Safety behaviors and the persistence of panic • Cognitive biases and the maintenance of panic

  19. Treating Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia • Medications • Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral treatments

  20. Generalized Anxiety Disorder • General characteristics • Prevalence and age of onset • Comorbidity with other disorders

  21. Generalized Anxiety Disorder:Psychosocial Causal Factors • The psychoanalytic viewpoint • Classical conditioning to many stimuli • The role of unpredictable and uncontrollable events • A sense of mastery: immunizing against anxiety

  22. Generalized Anxiety Disorder:Biological Causal Factors • Genetic factors • A functional deficiency of GABA • Neurobiological differences between anxiety and panic

  23. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Obsessions- repetitive unwanted ideas that the person recognizes are irrational • Compulsions- repetitive, often ritualized behavior whose behavior serves to diminish anxiety caused by obsessions

  24. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Prevalence and age of onset • Characteristics of OCD • Types of compulsions • Comorbidity with other disorders

  25. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:Psychosocial Causal Factors • Psychoanalytic viewpoint • Behavioral viewpoint • The role of memory • Attempting to suppress obsessive thoughts

  26. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:Biological Causal Factors • Genetic influences • Abnormalities in brain function • The role of serotonin

  27. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder • Critical Component • Symptoms occurs AFTER a traumatic stressor

  28. Symptoms Categories • Intrusive • distressing recollections • dreams • flashbacks • psychological trigger reactions • physiological trigger reactions

  29. Symptoms Categories • Avoidance • avoid thoughts, feelings or discussions • avoid activities, places • memory blocks • anhedonia (without pleasure) • numb • alexithymia (emotions unknown) • feeling of doom

  30. Symptom Categories • Hyperarousal Symptoms • sleep disturbance • anger problems • concentration • startle response • “on guard” hypervigilence

  31. Diagnoses • Acute Stress Disorder • new to DSM-IV (1994) • symptoms 2 days to 4 weeks following traumatic event • PTSD • new to DSM-III (1980) • symptoms beyond 4 weeks • delayed onset

  32. Who Is Vulnerable? • All ages • Both genders • Across Cultures and ethnic groups

  33. Some StatsAndrews, Wahlberg, Montgomery (1993)

  34. Employment

  35. Depression

  36. Types of Traumas • Natural • earthquakes • floods • fires • Human induces • war • crimes of violence

  37. Co-Morbid Diagnoses • Alcoholism • 75% for Vietnam Veterans with PTSD • Depression • 77% of firefighters with PTSD also have depression • Generalized Anxiety • Panic Attacks

More Related