Engineering at the National Science Foundation

1. Engineering at the National Science Foundation Michael M. Reischman Deputy Assistant Director Directorate for Engineering Presentation at Iowa State University April 11, 2006 WWW.NSF.GOV

2. Staff Offices Office of Management and Budget Science Advisor, Office of Science and Technology Policy MajorDepartments Other Boards andCouncils Agriculture Commerce Defense HomelandSecurity Energy Health and Human Services Interior Transportation Independent Agencies NationalScienceFoundation(NSF) NationalAeronauticand SpaceAdministration EnvironmentalProtectionAgency NuclearRegulatoryCommission SmithsonianInstitution OtherAgencies

3. NSF’s Origin, Mission, and Goals • An Independent Agency Established in 1950 by NSF Act: “To Promote Progress of Science” and “Advance National Health, Prosperity & Welfare”, and “Secure the National Defense” • Support basic research and education across science and engineering • Uses grant mechanism • Maintains low overhead and extensive automation • Discipline-based structure with cross-disciplinary mechanisms • Uses “rotators” or IPAs • Works with the National Science Board

4. NSF’s Vision Enabling the nation’s future through discovery, learning and innovation.

5. OSTP/OMB 2007Research Priorities* • Homeland Security • Prevention, Detection, & Remediation of NCB Threats • Medical Countermeasures and Biosurveillance Networks • High-End Computing and Networking R&D • Supercomputing & Cyberinfrastructure • Nanotechnology via National Nanotechnology Institute • Priorities of Physical Sciences • Fundamental Understanding of Phenomena • Instruments and/or Facilities • Understanding Complex Biological Systems • Energy and Environment *See www.ostp.gov/html/M-05-18.pdf

6. Priorities: NSF FY 2003 - FY 2008 Strategic Goals • Broadening participation in the science and engineering workforce • Strengthening core disciplinary research and increasing the funding rate for research grants • Providing broadly accessible cyberinfrastructure and world-class facilities to enhance research performance • Sustaining organizational excellence in NSF management practices

7. NSF Budget 2001-2007Dollars in Millions

8. National Science FoundationFY 07 Budget Request ($6,020 million) National Science Board Office of theInspector General Director Staff Offices IntegrativeActivities(MRI, STC) $131M Directorate forBiologicalSciences $608M Directorate forComputer andInformation Science and Engineering $527M Directorate forEducation andHumanResources $816M Polar andAntarcticPrograms $371M Directorate forEngineering $520M +$109M (SBIR) DirectorateforGeosciences $745M Directorate forMathematicaland PhysicalSciences $1150M Directorate forSocial,Behavioral,and EconomicSciences $214M Summary $4,666M R&RA $240M MREFC $816M EHR $6020M Total

9. NSF Research and Related ActivitiesFY 2007 Request (Dollars in Millions) Totals may not add due to rounding.

10. ENG Budget History(Dollars in Millions)

11. ENG NSF-wide Investments(Dollars in Millions)

12. DirectorateforEngineeringFY 06 Current Plan Assistant Director Richard Buckius Deputy Assistant Director Michael Reischman$581M Senior Advisor Mike Rocco Bioengineering &EnvironmentalSystems Bruce Hamilton $52M Civil & MechanicalSystems + NEES Adnan Akay $85M Chemical &TransportSystems Geoff Prentice $71M Office ofIndustrial Innovation Kesh Narayanan $100M Design,Manufacturing Innovation Warren DeVries $65M Electrical &CommunicationsSystems Usha Varshney $77M Engineering Educationand Centers Gary Gabriele $130M

13. In 2006, the NSF Engineering Directorate will invest approximately $580 million – among the smallest budgets in NSF – to support the entire breadth of engineering, including its nanotechnology and cyberinfrastructure investments. These resources will be divided among 6 divisions and one office – the largest number of funding entities in all of NSF. Engineering currently receives the largest number of proposals of any NSF directorate. Engineering education and research are becoming increasingly interdisciplinary and collaborative. Universities and industries are adopting interdisciplinary clusters. Many foreign nations are increasing emphasis in engineering research and graduating more engineers than the United States. Leadership in technological innovation will be key to the nation’s prosperity and security in a global, knowledge-driven economy. Motivation for Reorganization Internal Conditions External Conditions

14. Potential Reorganization Outcomes Ability to Pursue New Directions • Provides mechanisms to pursue high-risk, frontier research. • Enables research at the intersection of diverse disciplines. • Combined divisions promote agile and flexible responses to emerging challenges. Collaboration Across Disciplines • Enhances integration of education and research. • Enables a more integrated approach to research priorities. • Builds synergy among basic research, discovery, and innovation.

15. Merging Divisions and Priorities Fiscal Year 2007 (tentative division titles) Fiscal Year 2006 Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) Bioengineering and Environmental Systems Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (CBET) Chemical and Transport Systems Civil and Mechanical Systems Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) Design and Manufacturing Innovation Electrical and Communications Systems Cyber- Systems Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) Engineering Education and Centers Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP) Office of Industrial Innovation GOALI I/UCRCs Partnerships

16. New Organizational Structure Office of the Assistant Director Deputy Assistant Director (OAD) $629M* Crosscutting Areas Disciplinary Areas Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) $25M Chemical, Bioengineering Environmental and Transport Systems (CBET) $124M Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) $126M Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) $152M Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP) $120M Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) $81M * FY 07 Request Amounts

17. ENG Research Priorities • Biology in Engineering • New Frontiers in Nanotechnology • Critical Infrastructure Systems • Complexity in Engineered and Natural Systems • Manufacturing Frontiers

18. ENG and NSF Funding RatesResearch Grants

19. NSF PROPOSALSUBMISSION ELIGIBILITY* • U.S. Universities and Colleges • U.S. Nonprofit, Nonacademic Organizations • U.S. For-Profit Organizations • State/Local Educational Organizations • Unaffiliated U.S. Scientists, Engineers, Educators, & Citizens • NSF Rarely Supports Foreign Organizations or Other Federal Agencies * Program Solicitations may establish more restrictive eligibility

20. NSF PROPOSALEVALUATION PROCESS • Merit Review as Backbone • Knowledgeable Program Directors • External Individual Experts • Panel and Mail Reviews • Site Visits • Peer Reviews Advisory to PD • Peer Review Feedback • Verbatim Copies of Mail Reviews to PI • Verbatim Copy of Panel Summary to PI • Names of Reviewers are Concealed

21. NSF DECISION PROCESS • Program Directors Are Empowered • Assign Qualified Reviewers • Access Reviews & Other Programmatic Factors • Recommend Decline/Fund • Recommend Award Amount & Duration • NSF’s Guideline of Decision to PI within 6 Months • Reconsideration is Possible • Grant Policy Manual (NSF-02-151) Chapter IX, Section 900

22. Bioengineering and Environmental Systems (BES) • Current Areas of Interest: • postgenomic engineering, metabolic engineering, and tissue engineering. • biomedical photonics and sensing, assistive technology, medical technology innovation • complex environmental systems, especially with respect to understanding the fate and transport of surface and groundwater pollutants; novel processes for waste treatment; industrial ecology; and technologies for avoiding pollution • BES supports the following programs and activities: • Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology • Biomedical Engineering and Research to Aid Persons with Disabilities • Environmental Engineering and Technology • Website for more information: • www.eng.nsf.gov/bes/

23. Bioengineering and Environmental Systems (BES) Division Director Bruce Hamilton Senior Advisor Marshall Lih Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Environmental Engineering/ Technology Biomedical Engineering and Research to Aid Disabled Persons Program Director Fred Heineken Program Director Cynthia Ekstein Program Director Leon Esterowitz Program Director William Weigand Program Director Open Program Director Gilbert Devey Program Director Patrick Brezonik Program Director Semahat Demir Program Director Lenore Clesceri Program Director Open

24. Civil and Mechanical Systems (CMS) • CMS areas of interest: • Dynamics and control, mechanics and materials, nano and bio mechanics, sensing for civil and mechanical systems, simulation–based engineering science. • reduction of risks induced by earthquakes and other natural and technological hazards, critical infrastructure protection. • Infrastructure construction and management, geotechnology, structures • CMS Division supports the following 3 Clusters [with 12 programs]: • Engineered Materials and Mechanics • Intelligent Civil and Mechanical Systems • Infrastructure Systems and Hazard Mitigation • Website for more information: • www.eng.nsf.gov/cms/

25. Civil and Mechanical Systems (CMS) Division Director Adnan Akay Engineered Materials and Mechanics Intelligent Civil and Mechanical Systems Infrastructure Systems and Hazard Mitigation Mechanics and Structure of Materials Ken Chong Information Technology and Infrastructure Systems Jesus de la Graza Geotechnical and Geohazards Systems Richard Fragaszy Materials Design and Surface Engineering Yip-Wah Chung Control Systems Mario Rotea Structural Systems and Hazard Mitigation of Structures Doug Foutch Infrastructure Materials and Structural Mechanics Jorn Larsen-Basse Sensor Technologies for Civil and Mechanical Systems Shi-Chi Liu Infrastructure System Management and Hazard Response Tom Birkland Nano and Bio Mechanics of Materials K.Jimmy Hsia Dynamic Systems Eduardo Misawa Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Joy Pauschke

26. Chemical and Transport Systems (CTS) • Current Areas of Emphasis: • projects that develop and integrate new principles and knowledge underpinning use-inspired products and services based on chemical, fluid-thermal and biological transformations of energy and matter. • nanoscale science and engineering, safety and security, environmentally-friendly and energy-focused processes and products, and smart manufacturing and processing. • CTS supports four general thematic areas through the following programs: • Chemical Reaction Processes • Fluid and Particle Processes • Interfacial, Transport, and Separation Processes • Thermal Systems • Website for more information: • www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=CTScts/

27. Chemical and Transport Systems (CTS) Division Director, Acting Geoffrey Prentice Deputy Division Director Robert Wellek Chemical Reaction Processes Interfacial, Transport, and Separation Processes Fluid and Particle Processes Thermal Systems Catalysis and Biocatalysis Glenn Schrader Interfacial, Transport and Thermodynamics Robert Wellek Particulate and Multiphase Processes Open Combustion and Plasma Systems Linda Belvins Thermal Transport and Processing Alfonso Ortega Process and Reaction Engineering Maria Burka Separation and Purification Processes Eric Peterrson Fluid Dynamics And Hydraulics Michael Plesniak

28. Design and Manufacturing Innovation (DMI) • Current Areas of Interest: • DMII supports fundamental academic research in design, manufacturing, and industrial engineering. DMII also manages crosscutting industrial innovation programs that encompass major components of NSF. • DMII-funded research includes an emphasis on environmentally benign manufacturing and a sustainable industrial economy, and seeks to address those fundamental issues that will deepen our understanding of the processes and systems that comprise modern design, manufacturing, and service enterprises and benefit society. • DMII supports the following clusters and programs: • Engineering Decision Systems • Manufacturing Process and Equipment Systems • Industrial Innovation Programs • Website for more information: • www.eng.nsf.gov/dmii/

29. Design and Manufacturing Innovation(DMI) Division Director Warren DeVries Manufacturing Process and Equipment Systems Cluster Office of Small Business & Development Office of Small Business & Disadvantaged Business Utilization Grant Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry Donald Senich Engineering Decision Systems Cluster Materials Processing And Manufacture Mary Lynn Realff Engineering Design Delcie Durham Manufacturing Machines and Equipment George Hazelrigg Operations Research Stephen Nash Nanomanufacturing Kevin Lyons Service Enterprise Engineering Matthew Realff Manufacturing Enterprise Systems Abijit Deshmukh

30. Electrical and Communications Systems (ECS) Current Areas of Interest: • component and device technologies, computation, networking, controls and system principles at the nano, micro, and macro scales • Integration and networking of intelligent systems for use in sensing, imaging, telecommunications, wireless networks, disaster mitigation, homeland security, power systems, environment, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, and system-related areas. ECS supports the following clusters and programs: • Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies (EPDT) • Control, Networks and Computational Intelligence (CNCI) • Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems (IHCS) • Resources and Infrastructure Website for more information: • www.eng.nsf.gov/ecs/

31. Electrical and Communications Systems (ECS) Division Director Usha Varshney Senior Engineering Advisor Lawrence Goldberg Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies Integrated, Hybrid and Complex Systems Controls, Networks and Computational Intelligence Program Director Vacant Program Director Vittal Rao Program Director Radhakisan Baheti Program Director Kevin Tomsovic Program Director Rajinder Kholsa Program Director Leda Lunardi Program Director James Mink Program Director Paul Werbos

32. Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) Current Areas of Interest: • centers that collaborate with industry to integrate research, education, and projects • centers promote partnerships among researchers in different disciplines and between industry and universities. • focused efforts that integrate research into new advances in engineering education and the development and implementation of large-scale models for engineering curriculum reform. ECS supports the following clusters and programs: • Engineering Research Centers (ERCs) • Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers (I/UCRCs) • Engineering Education Programs • Grants for Learning Research in Engineering Education • Partnerships for Innovation • Research Experiences for Teachers and Research for Undergraduates Sites Website for more information: • www.eng.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?div=EEC

33. Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) Division Director Gary Gabriele Deputy Division Director for Education Sue Kemnitzer Deputy Division Director for Centers Lynn Preston CAREER Program Coordinator Sharon Middledorf Research Experience For Teachers Mary Poats Industry/University Cooperative Research Center Alex Schwartzkopf Nano Cluster & Manufacturing ERCs Bruce Kramer NASA IPA Robert Norwood Earthquake Engineering and Infrastructure ERCs Vilas Mujumdar I/UCRC IPA Ed Clancy Research Experience For Undergraduates Esther Bolding Program Assessment and Evaluation Linda Parker Bioengineering ERCs Sohi Rastegar ERC Education Programs Win Aung Partnerships For Innovation Sally Nerlove Microelectronics ERC Deborah Jackson Sharon Middledorf Pre-college Outreach Mary Poats

34. Office of Industrial Innovation(OII) Current Areas of Interest - Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) - Small Business Technology Transfer Research (STTR) - Security-Based Technologies - Manufacturing Innovation OII Supports the Following Technology Areas - Advanced Materials and Manufacturing - Biotechnology - Chemical-Based Technologies - Electronics - Information-Based Technologies Website for more information - http://www.nsf.gov/div/index.jsp?org=OII

35. Office of Industrial Innovation (OII) Acting Head Kesh Narayanan Senior Advisor Joseph Hennessey Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Joseph Hennessey Biotechnology George Vermont Chemical-based Technologies Rosemarie Wesson Electronics Murali Nair Juan Figueroa James Rudd Information-based Technologies Errol Arkilic Sally Nerlove

36. CAREER The Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Program: a Foundation-wide activity that offers the NSF’s most prestigious awards for new faculty members. Recognizes and supports the early career-development activities of those teacher-scholars who are most likely to become the academic leaders of the 21st century. Awardees selected on the basis of creative, career-development plans that integrate research and education.

37. ENG Directorate Signature Activities • Merit-based awards • Integration of research and education • Broadening participation • Fundamental research, innovation, and education at the frontiers • Partnerships with universities and industry

38. Issues Facing Engineering at NSF Public Understanding and Appreciation K–12 Education Rate of Change of Technology Federal Budgets & Decreasing Interest in Engr. Proposal Pressure and Success Rates Lack of Focus Among Engineering Factions Where Does NSF Engineering Go From Here

39. Free Advice for Success…or(I’m from the govt and I’m here to help) • It all starts with Dialog, a White Paper and a Short Bio • Get involved in NSF Reviews: Panel or Mail • Don’t be afraid of Teams • Spread Your Research Wings • “No” is not Forever…Seek Feedback • “….don’t ever give up”