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As Clinical Anatomy

RADIOLOGY. As Clinical Anatomy. E-mail: x-ray@med.sc.edu Radiology Website: http://radiology.med.sc.edu Radiology Department: Basement of Library 733-3295. Francis Neuffer, M.D. U.S.C. School of Medicine 2009 . Speaker note. COURSE GOALS.

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As Clinical Anatomy

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  1. RADIOLOGY As Clinical Anatomy E-mail: x-ray@med.sc.edu Radiology Website: http://radiology.med.sc.edu Radiology Department: Basement of Library 733-3295 Francis Neuffer, M.D. U.S.C. School of Medicine 2009 Speaker note

  2. COURSE GOALS • Understand basics of image generation. • Relate imaging to gross anatomy. • See clinical relationship to basic science. • Appreciate constraints and limitations. • Develop imaging vocabulary.

  3. WHAT IS RADIOLOGY? • Medical specialty that supervises and interprets imaging studies. • Reports findings to referring physicians.

  4. RADIOLOGIST ROLE • Separate: Normal from Abnormal • Characterize / Describe: Abnormality • Determine: Extent (stage) of disease • Suggest: Diagnosis / Differential • Recommend: Further exams / follow-up

  5. X-RAY • Discovered and named by Dr. W. C. Röentgen at University of Würzburg, 1895 • Awarded first Nobel prize for physics, 1901 • Did not patent invention

  6. PROJECTION -VS- TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGE

  7. FOOT AP PROJECTION (ANTERIOR - POSTERIOR) RT

  8. LATERAL FOOT

  9. TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES ARE IN A SPECIFIC PLANE AXIAL CORONAL SAGITTAL RT RT

  10. CT- HEAD RT CT REFERENCE FILM Skull / brain

  11. RADIOLOGY TOOLS X- RAY ULTRASOUND NUCLEAR MEDICINE MAGNETIC RESONANCE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

  12. HOW IS IMAGING DONE? • IONIZING RADIATION X-ray, CT, Nuclear Medicine • SOUND WAVES Ultrasound • MAGNETIC FIELDS / RADIO WAVES Magnetic Resonance

  13. X- RAY • High Energy Photon --Kilo Electron Volts • Ionizing Radiation • Exposes Film / Detector • Projection Data

  14. X-RAYSPLAIN FILM RADIOGRAPHY • Chest • Mammography • Abdomen • Spine • Extremities & Joints • Skull

  15. X - RAY --- FOUR BASIC DENSITIES • Air • Soft Tissue • Fat • Bone

  16. CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHY • Injection, ingestion, or other placement of opaque material within the body. • Improves visualization and tissue separation. • Can demonstrate functional anatomy and pathology.

  17. UPPER GI--(GASTRO INTESTINAL) STOMACH ORAL BARIUM CONTRAST WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film COLON BARIUM ENEMA RECTAL BARIUM CONTRAST

  18. INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAM – IVP INTRAVENOUS IODINE CONTRAST WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film ARTERIOGRAM INTRAARTERIAL IODINE CONTRAST

  19. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY • HIGH ENERGY PHOTON • IONIZING RADIATION • EXPOSES DETECTOR • TOMOGRAPHIC DATA

  20. CT EXAMPLE SCAN LEVEL RT

  21. NUCLEAR MEDICINE • High Energy Photon • Ionizing Radiation --Radiopharmaceutical • Exposes Detector • Projection Data • Dynamic / Physiologic

  22. NUCLEAR MEDICINE EXAMPLES • Bone • Hepatobiliary • Renal

  23. ULTRASOUND • Sound Wave - high Frequency • No Ionizing Radiation • Transmitter / Receiver • Tomographic Data

  24. ULTRASOUND EXAMPLES Gallbladder Kidney Obstetrics

  25. MAGNETIC RESONANCE • Hydrogen Protons In a Magnetic Field • Radio Wave Signal Transmission • No Ionizing Radiation • Tomographic Data

  26. RT MAGNETIC RESONANCEEXAMPLES • Brain • Spine • Knee

  27. RADIOLOGY EVALUATION • Multiple Choice - Identify • Labeled Images From Digital Film Sets And Lecture Images

  28. HOSPITAL LINGO You will hear and see these abbreviations used frequently in the medical community. X- Ray Plain Film Scout Film Radiograph Computed Tomography Cat Scan CT Nuclear Medicine Nuc Med Ultrasound Sono Sonogram Magnetic Resonance MR MRI

  29. SUMMARY • TOMOGRAPHY- VS- PROJECTION IMAGES • SECTION PLANES AXIAL CORONAL SAGITTAL • IMAGE GENERATION OF: Nuclear Medicine Computed Tomography Ultrasound X-ray Magnetic Resonance

  30. OH… THE MANY USES OF NUC MED STUDY OF A HORSE’S _____! KING TUT MODERN IMAGING?

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