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WORLD POLITICS – Lecture 7

WORLD POLITICS – Lecture 7. 3. HEGEMONIC STABILITY IN REALISM (1): Anarchic Structures and Balances of Power (Kenneth Waltz) . Interdependence and Integration. A national system is not one of self-help. The international system is.

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WORLD POLITICS – Lecture 7

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  1. WORLD POLITICS – Lecture 7

  2. 3. HEGEMONIC STABILITY IN REALISM (1): Anarchic Structures and Balances of Power (Kenneth Waltz)

  3. Interdependence and Integration • A national system is not one of self-help. The international system is. • “Integration” describes the conditions within nations and “interdependence” describes the condition among them. • Interdependence: the cobbler depends on the tailor for his pants and the tailor depends on the cobbler for his shoes. • In this condition, the cost of breaking the interdependence would be high, because of the dependence on one another. (Different tasks performed, different goods produced.)

  4. Limitation of cooperation • A state worries about gains that may favor other states than itself • A state worries to be too dependent on other states for goods and services • The domestic imperative is “specialize” • The international imperative is “take care of yourself”

  5. Structures and Strategies • Structures cause actions to have consequences they were not intended to have • Unaffected structure leads to no changes in the intentions and actions • Changing distribution of capabilities across units will change structures

  6. Anarchic conditions • People, states in anarchic condition must rely on means they can generate and the arrangements they can make for themselves • Self-help is the necessary principle of action in anarchic order • Organizational cost is low, but a self-help situation is one of high risk

  7. Anarchy and Hierarchy • Anarchy = absence of government + disorder + chaos • In anarchies, the exact likeness of states and the determination of relations by capability alone would describe a realm of politics and power with no authority above • Hierarchy = order + differentiation • Complete differentiation would produce authority while interactions among states do not affect politics and power

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