Cloud Computing

1. Cloud Computing Cloud 9 or Smoke Screen?

2. PRESENTED TOAmerican Public Human Services Association IT Solutions Management for Human ServicesSeptember 01, 2009Bill PerlowitzVice President Advanced Technology William.Perlowitz@Apptis.com703.293.6731 http://www.linkedin.com/in/wperlowitz Twitter BillPerlowitz

3. About Apptis Founded in 1983 as Computer Management & Consultants, Inc. Privately held, headquartered in Chantilly, Virginia 1,500 professionals in 33 states and 5 countries 2008 revenues of $816 million Washington Technology 2009 Top 100 government prime contractor ranking #50 Three service sectors with Public Sector focus: Health Solutions, Defense and National Security, Federal Civilian THE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY GROUP (ATG) DRIVES BEST PRACTICES ACROSS THE COMPANY AND LEADS THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETENCIES AND MULTI-DISCIPLINARY SOLUTIONS • APPROACH • Managed and performance-based • IT consolidation that reduces costs and enhances performance • Standardized, open architecture solutions that enable interoperability • Robust program management and security integrated into every solution • CAPABILITIES • Network Engineering • Software Engineering • System Engineering • Information Assurance • Enterprise Management • Program Management

4. What is Cloud Computing? 20+ working vendor-neutral definitions to be found 2 page definition National Institute of Standards and Technology http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/ “Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This Cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential characteristics, three delivery models, and four deployment models.” Five Essential NIST Cloud Characteristics: On-demand self-service Ubiquitous network access Location independent resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service. Note: Cloud software takes full advantage of the Cloud paradigm by being service oriented with a focus on statelessness, low coupling, modularity, and semantic interoperability.

5. Cloud Computing: How Did We Get Here? Source: Forrester Research, Inc.

6. Cloud Macroeconomics First round winners: Hardware vendors; best global demand since 1990s Later rounds: Fewer buyers with high hardware demand can dictate technology and margins Commoditization of software and operating systems, shift to open source Software Business Model – tying to # of users of cores will be difficult, no up-front fees, no maintenance fees Usage based payment No user hardware investment or maintenance Possible user reduction of OS & Software licensing fees Developing economies will leapfrog

7. Cloud 9 or Smoke Screen? Gartner Hype Cycle 2008 Source: Google Trends (July 2008) The Panacea for Most IT Ills Cloud Computing: Are We There Yet? Salesforce.com Outage Inconveniences Customers Source: Gartner (July 2008)

8. The Industry and Cloud Computing * Worldwide Cloud Computing markets to reach $160.2 Billion by 2015 By 2012 Intel predicts that some 20 to 25 percent of its server chips will be dedicated toward data centers that power Cloud Computing. The federal government currently spends almost half of its $70 billion IT budget on infrastructure, costs that could be significantly reduced by shifting to software and infrastructure as a service. Clouds are here to stay …many research organizations will transition to private/public Cloud infrastructures for elasticity and cost-efficiency in their data analysis work. The Office of Management and Budget will unveil its storefront for Cloud Computing services in early September. Industry and government sources say federal chief information officer Vivek Kundra is eyeing Sept. 9 at the Gov 2.0 Summit in Washington as the public launch of one-stop shop for Cloud Computing services. * See page 22 for complete source information

9. Federal Cloud Computing Initiative Governance

10. Cloud Computing: The Reality Federal agencies are confused about the Cloud: IT managers do not share a common understanding of the technology While 13% say their agency is using Cloud Computing: 44% report using database Cloud applications 42% report using document management Cloud applications 28% report running a virtualized server environment in house Federal IT executives report confusion over exactly what is and what is not Cloud Computing Federal agencies are not alone. Few industry organizations have moved beyond the Cloud discovery phase IT managers in government and industry share the same Cloud forecast: 76% agree that the Cloud is “here to stay” 63% believe the Cloud is the “key to reducing IT expenses” This slide adapted from MeriTalk 2009 Cloud Consensus Report http://www.meritalk.com/2009-cloud-consensus.php

11. Why Would I Want to Use a Cloud? Cost and Sustainability Agility Ease of Use Reliability Scalability Location Independence Centralization Green Business Continuity/Availability Users will increasingly resist constraints on their use of technology

12. What Is Preventing Me From Using Cloud? Cloud IS NOT: VIRTUALIZATION Mature enough for enterprise deployment Appropriate for all parts of all applications An architecture (best practices for implementing and using technology resources) A shortcut to avoid creating an architecture A fix for architecture A fix for security Open and interoperable (at the moment) Technical Porting legacy applications and databases is NOT trivial Multi-tenancy Metadata driven business logic SOA Policy Need to develop and baseline performance metrics and establish monitoring Pay-as-you-go fees

13. Cloud Computing Taxonomy

14. Cloud Computing End User Use Cases End User to Cloud Enterprise to Cloud to End User

15. Cloud Computing Enterprise Use Cases Private Cloud Enterprise to Cloud Enterprise to Cloud to Enterprise Hybrid Cloud Changing Cloud Vendors

16. Can the Cloud Be Secured? Network perimeter defense no longer applies Cloud Computing introduces a new set of security challenges Security strategy must account for all layers and tiers of the Cloud environment Employ defense in depth Don’t forget the basics! Must consider compliance issues (e.g., HIPAA) Issues to address: Privileged user access Regulatory Compliance Data Location Data Segregation Long Term Viability Recovery Investigative Support

17. Example Cloud Operational Cost Amazon EC2 CPU pricing: Apptis Federal portal demonstration project initiated in November, 2008 Gained security concurrence on December 22, 2008 In January, 2009, a non-production stand-alone prototype portal overlaid onto a commercial Cloud provider, demonstrating that execution on a commercial Cloud environment without changes to the code base was possible Initial performance testing of the unmodified and un-tuned system with the minimum configuration of 8 CPUs achieved 2,600 concurrent users with 90 data element application registrations at a cost of $2.42 including software

18. How Should I Use the Cloud Today? Surge Utilized when the IT infrastructure is not adequate to support an increase in demand or volumes Removes the need to acquire IT infrastructure that sits idle or is under utilized Public Information Static information that is accessible by the public, visible today but housed within the IT boundaries of the enterprise Test and Development Environments Development Environments Project Specific, Limited time use, Version control, Non production data Test Environments Availability, Stress and scale, Integration, Configuration Mgt Web Services Planning Disaster Recover and Continuity of Ops Encrypted Data storage

19. Resources TechAmerica Cloud Computing Committee http://www.techamerica.org/cloud-computing, Jennifer Kerber, 703-284-5337, Jennifer.Kerber@techamerica.org Cloud Computing (Administration) Transition Paper 01/15/2009 Cloud Security Alliance http://www.cloudsecurityalliance.org/ Cloud Computing Interoperability Forum http://www.cloudforum.org/ GovLoop Groups Cloud Computing http://www.govloop.com/group/cloudcomputing?page=1#comments Cloud Computing | SOA | SaaS http://www.govloop.com/group/SaaSGov?page=1#comments Local Governments Using Cloud Services/SaaS http://www.govloop.com/group/localgovernmentsusingcloudservicessaas Google groups Cloud Computing http://groups.google.ca/group/cloud-computing Use Cases http://groups.google.ca/group/cloud-computing-use-cases?lnk=srg

20. Questions

21. The Industry and Cloud Computing (footnotes) Worldwide Cloud Computing markets to reach $160.2 Billion by 2015, Research and Markets report Worldwide Cloud Computing Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, 2009-2015, 08/06/2009 “By 2012 Intel predicts that some 20 to 25 percent of its server chips will be dedicated toward data centers that power Cloud Computing.” Jason Waxman, General Manager of High-Density Computing, Intel, quoted on eWeek.com 02/17/2009 “The federal government currently spends almost half of its $70 billion IT budget on infrastructure, costs that could be significantly reduced by shifting to software and infrastructure as a service.” Vivek Kundra, Federal CIO, quoted on NextGov.com 07/15/2009 "Clouds are here to stay …many research organizations will transition to private/public Cloud infrastructures for elasticity and cost-efficiency in their data analysis work.” Peter Tonellato, senior research scientist at Harvard Medical School's Center for Biomedical Informatics, quoted on InformationWeek.com, December 03, 2008 “The Office of Management and Budget will unveil its storefront for Cloud Computing services in early September. Industry and government sources say federal chief information officer Vivek Kundra is eyeing Sept. 9 at the Gov 2.0 Summit in Washington as the public launch of one-stop shop for Cloud Computing services.” Reported on Federal News Radio, wtop2.com, 07/31/2009