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Young People in Bulgaria and Economic Competitiveness

Young People in Bulgaria and Economic Competitiveness. November 200 7. Prepared by :. Prepared for :. The United Nations Development Programme. BBSS Gallup International. Survey Description Objectives. Key Objectives

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Young People in Bulgaria and Economic Competitiveness

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  1. Young People in Bulgaria and Economic Competitiveness November2007 Prepared by: Prepared for: The United Nations Development Programme BBSS Gallup International

  2. Survey DescriptionObjectives • Key Objectives • Overall stance and life strategies adopted by young people in this country • Attitudes to the EU and our future within its context • Economic attitudes: are we able to be competitive? • Education: what, how, where? • Emigration • Attitude to politics/ forms of civil activity

  3. Survey DescriptionMethodology • Sample coverage and representativeness • 1000 interviews with citizens of the Republic of Bulgariabelonging to the 15-30 age group • The sample is nationally representative along the following parameters: • Gender • Age • Ethnicity • Region • Type of locality/ settlement (town or village) • Methodology • F2F interviews at the respondents’ homes • 2-stage random address sample • Period of implementation • September - October 2007

  4. Young People in Bulgaria – General Profile

  5. Social StratificationResults Basis : The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey – June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70 Basis:Nationally representative surveys,age 18+

  6. Profile of Young People in Bulgaria(1) • Household income: BGN 1500 on average • Education: 49% high (university) • Place of residence:84% Sofia / regional center • Self-positioning: above average: 13% • Household income: BGN 810 on average • Education: 60% secondary • Place of residence: 70% Sofia / regional center • Self-positioning: around average: 49% • Household income: BGN 440 on average • Education: 60% primary/ lower; 40% secondary • Place of residence: 32% Sofia / regional center • Self-positioning: below average: 42%

  7. Profile of Young People in Bulgaria (2) Basis: young people belonging to the 15-30 age group

  8. Profile of Young People in Bulgaria(3) 45%of young people between 15-17 years of age have earned their own money; 75%intend to try earning some before they leave the family home

  9. Overall Attitudes Shared by the Young People

  10. In your view, how does this country develop – is it progressing, or regressing? Basis:The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey – June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70 Basis:Nationally-representative survey in October 2007, 1007 persons aged 18+

  11. Our accession to the European Union is, for you personally? For Bulgaria in general...? Basis:The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey - June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70

  12. Do you believe that EU membership will guarantee Bulgaria’s future prosperity? Basis:The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey – June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70

  13. Economic Attitudes

  14. In your view, your current household incomecompares to 2-3 years ago in what way: And in 2-3 years time your householdincome will be: Basis:Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:Middle Class Survey- June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70 Basis:Nationally representative survey, 1007 personsaged 18+

  15. Overall Economic Values and Stances Income should be leveled out to some extent The share of private companies should be increased The government should shoulder more responsibility for the people’s welfare Competition is a good thing. As a rule, earnest workresults in more affluent life The rich get richer only by the poor getting poorer All events in life are predestined The income gap should get wider The share of state companies should increase People should become more responsible of their own livesCompetition is harmful Earnest work is not the key to success Riches can increase in a way that benefits us all People are behind the steering wheel of their own life Average ratings on the 1 - 5 scale

  16. Regardless whether you arecurrently studying or employed, in the future you would be most content/ would strive to attain the following...: Currently developing own business: 15% of respondents belonging to the 23-30 age group Basis: all respondents - 1000

  17. Which of the following criteria should a job position meet to be truly good for you? Basis: all respondents - 1000

  18. Which of the following could secure a truly well-paid job nowadays? The 27-30 years old share the view that “vocational training” and “connections” are much more important than a Master’s degree Basis: all respondents - 1000

  19. Education: What, How, Whereafter?

  20. What is your education? What education do you believe is needed nowadays/ do you personally plan to obtain? Basis: all respondents - 1000

  21. What specialty did you graduate/ are in the process of acquiring (be it vocational or at the university)? Basis: 18-30 years old

  22. Would you say that, in this country, professionals thus specialized ...? Basis: aged 18 -30

  23. Where would you prefer to graduate...? Basis: all respondents - 1000 17% believe that they could realistically expect to graduate university abroad 15 % expect to graduate abroad and view this as an actual possibility

  24. Which of the following would you opt for in order to improve your income and job prospects? • 80% are computer literate • 79% are Internet users

  25. Which of the following statements do you agree with? Base: All respondents - 1000

  26. Attitudes to Emigration

  27. Have you personally traveled/ worked abroad? Basis: The Youth Survey – all respondents – 1000 Basis: The Middle Class Survey – all respondents – 2000

  28. Do you intend to…? Basis:The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey – June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70 • Of the emigrants and guest workers-to-be: • 60% would engage in any kind of employment, while 32% would insist on exercising their profession or vocational skills • Barely 20% have seriously planned going abroad in the next 12 months

  29. Political Attitudes and Civil Activityof the Young People

  30. Are you interested in politics? Basis:The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey – June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70 Basis:Nationally representative survey - 1007 persons aged 18+

  31. Political Attitudes: Activity Which of the following reflects most closely your own opinion? Basis: The Youth Survey – 1000 persons aged 15-30 Basis: The Middle Class Survey – 2000 persons aged 15-70

  32. Political Attitudes: Activity Which of the following is valid of you personally? Basis:The Youth Survey – September 2007 - 1000 Basis:The Middle Class Survey – June 2007 – 2000 persons aged 15-70

  33. Civil Activity Would you personally participate in any of the following? Percentages approximately twice lower as compared to those yielded at surveying people in active age 30-55

  34. Key Results Summary (1) • Exhibiting most positiveexpectations of their individual future and of the country’s prospects in general • Aspiring to an income at least twice as high as the current country average • Pronounced strife for financial independence, for earning their own income long before they have turned 18; well over 40% of the 16-18 years old have already given it a try • Notwithstanding this fact, two thirds of people aged 30 or less still live with their parents; the actual age of ‘leaving the nest’ remains relatively high at 23-34 years • The dream job is in the private sector: high salary gets the upper hand over stability • Half-baked liberal economic attitudes: competition does matter, but state protection is highly valued nonetheless • High education is a value, but as a status symbol predominantly: there is no real bearing between the choice of specialty and the labour market. Aspirations for a good profession, one not necessarily related to high education, are on the rise

  35. Key Results Summary (2) • There is good will but no actual readiness for: • Real investment / of personal risk/ in high education • Ongoing lifelong qualification / acquisition of new skills in a highly competitive environment • As compared to all age groups, the surveyed one espouses the most down-to-earth notion of “abroad” and the chances for growth out there • The highest share of travelers/ guest workers • Weak willingness to emigrate, unlike the wish to be a guest worker • Politically less active, though far from apolitical • New forms of civil activity: voluntary efforts, networking – instead of the traditional, passe rallies and strikes • Key Findings • Young people wish to be competitive: they have the will but don’t know the way! • Relatively high level of liberal economic stances • For the new generation to happen, we need an urgent reform of Bulgarian education, on the secondary and even more so on the university level

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