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The Affects of Cold Working & Annealing on Resistance

The Affects of Cold Working & Annealing on Resistance . Team Members: Zack Reinman Cristhyan Alfaro Travis Robinson Daniel Gilardoni. Engineering 45 Dec, 2009 SRJC. Goals . Our primary goal was to study the relationship between the deformation of metals and there resistances

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The Affects of Cold Working & Annealing on Resistance

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  1. The Affects of Cold Working & Annealing on Resistance Team Members: Zack Reinman Cristhyan Alfaro Travis Robinson Daniel Gilardoni Engineering 45 Dec, 2009 SRJC

  2. Goals Our primary goal was to study the relationship between the deformation of metals and there resistances Our secondary goal was study how annealing the metals would affect the resistance

  3. Brief History of Cold Working • Coldform, Inc.Terryville, CT860-582-5031 Cold working started earlier than 5000 BC Current applications involve shaping and hardening Cold working is still done Byora USA CorporationBellevue, WA 425-454-0708 StalcopThorntown, IN765-436-7926

  4. How Cold Working Works http://www.the-warren.org/ALevelRevision/engineering/grainstructure.htm Cold rolling, drawing, deep drawing, & pressing Takes place at room temperatures Grain shapes deform allowing for increase in resistivity

  5. How Annealing Works • Apply Heat to metal • New Grains Grow • Resistance decreases http://www.the-warren.org/ALevelRevision/engineering/grainstructure.htm

  6. Our Initial Ideas http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheatstone_bridge We wanted to cold work large sample and measure its resistance with a Wheatstone bridge Did not have high enough quality materials to build the circuit.

  7. Revised Ideas In order to use multimeter, we had to get a resistance that was in the range the multimeter can detect. To increase the resistance of the object we reduced its cross-sectional area, and increase its length.

  8. Revised Ideas Small cross section to increase resistivity No wheatstone bridge--- use multimeter

  9. Our Setup Calculate desired length for R >1 Cut and measure diameter and resistance

  10. Cold Rolling Cold work sample Measure dimensions and resistance

  11. Percent Cold Worked Things were a little tricky because we were going from round wire to a flat ribbon

  12. Copper CW Results

  13. Copper CW Results Average R Change =106% Average CW =17%

  14. Brass CW Results Average % R Change Due to about 20% CW=44%

  15. Brass CW Results Average R Change = 44% Average CW=20%

  16. Unknown CW Results Guessed metal---Chromel Conductivity=1.3X106 (1/ohm*m)

  17. Unknown CW Results Average R Change=50% Average CW=17%

  18. Annealing Ideas • Find Annealing temperature for our three samples • Determine the temperature we want to use • We decided on 450 degrees F

  19. Annealing Revised • We didn’t see any results so… • Changed temperature to 650 degrees F • Changed from metal to glass due surface area and heat capacity

  20. Annealing Results

  21. Annealing Results Color Dimensions We later found our annealing temperatures were too low… Melting temp for: copper = 1983F Brass= 1710F

  22. References • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_hardening • http://www.iqsdirectory.com • http://www.keytometals.com • http://www.m-hikari.com/atam/forth/alquranATAM1-4-2010.pdf • http://www.6mmbr.com/annealing.html • http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TWS-4N08MH6-1&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1124432364&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=1e79518e220bfa7b771916e670b0ea5b • http://www.springerlink.com • http://www.the-warren.org/ALevelRevision/engineering/grainstructure.htm • Malki, B., L. Peguet, and B. Baroux. "Influence of Cold Working on the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels."Corrosion Science. Isbergues:Elsevier, April 2007. 1933-1948. • "Materials Engineering; Study data from M. Gonzalez and colleagues update understanding of materials engineering. " Journal Engineering 12 Aug. 2009: Sciences Module, ProQuest. Web.  3 Dec. 2009.

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