Ancient Greece was located on a peninsula with this sea to the EAST and this sea to the SOUTH:

1. Ancient Greece was located on a peninsula with this sea to the EAST and this sea to the SOUTH: AEGEAN (EAST) MEDITERRANEAN (SOUTH)

2. Location of Greece: Balkan Peninsula Europe Asia Minor (Ionia was a city-state established during the Dark Ages)

3. Major trade routes to spread Hellenic (GREEK) culture Black Sea Dardanelles Strait

4. Location of: 1.Athens2. Sparta3. Troy Attica Peninsula Peloponnesian Peninsula Ionia/Asia Minor/Anatolia Peninsula

5. What topographical feature led to the isolated development of city states instead of a unified empire? MOUNTAINS

6. Although the climate was mild and some soils were good for grape, olive and wheat farming, Greeks had to: Trade for items they could not produce and COLONIZE

7. The good harbors and merchant trade emphasis resulted in this for Ancient Greece: 1. Cultural diffusion 2. Technological advances

8. With such a mild climate, Greeks congregated in the AGORA and: Engaged in civic and commercial activities.

9. Ancient Greek religion was POLYTHEISTIC.True or False? TRUE!!

10. What are the goals of Ancient Greek Religion? 1.To explain the mysteries of nature. 2. To explain life after death 4. To justify the unpredictability of human emotion

11. King of the Greek Gods (and father of some humans like Hercules) ZEUS

12. Patron goddess of Athens: ATHENA

13. Greek goddess of love and beauty: APHRODITE

14. Sister and wife of ZEUS, protector of women and marriage: HERA

15. Greek god of the sun APOLLO

16. Greek goddess of light and hunting ARTEMIS

17. Order of Athenian Government Monarchy Aristocracy (oligarchy) Tyranny Democracy MATD

18. Rule by one person who may inherit power by family succession is known as: MONARCHY

19. OLIGARCHY or Aristocracy involves rule by: A small group of nobles.

20. Rule by one person who seizes power by force is known as: A TYRANNY

21. Rule by a popular assembly in which the citizens may vote is known as : DEMOCRACY

22. Type of government in Sparta OLIGARCHY (rule by a few nobles)

23. City-state with rigid social structure and militaristic society SPARTA

24. Known for his epic poetry: HOMER

25. In order to ease overcrowding on the mainland of Greece and gain access to additional grain, the Greeks established: COLONIES

26. The Greek merchants changed the barter economy of the Mediterranean to a: MONEY ECONOMY (b/c all civilizations value the precious metal in money)

27. The three social groups in the city-state were: 1. Citizens 2. Free people with no political rights (women & foreigners) 3. Slaves

28. T or F: Civic decisions were made in open debate and men were expected to participate in public life TRUE!

29. The Athenian archon (tyrant) who was known for his written laws and harsh (Draconian) punishments: DRACO

30. Athenian archon (tyrant) who improved the legal system and expanded participation in the Assembly SOLON

31. The wars against this empire united the Greeks against a common enemy: PERSIA

32. Results of the Persian War Golden Age in Athens

33. The Greeks triumphed at Marathon and Salamis giving them control over this sea: THE AEGEAN SEA

34. This Athenian ruler during Athens’ “Golden Age” established a democracy in which all adult male citizens had an equal voice in government PERICLES

35. What is the name of the building built by this ruler in Athens after the destruction of the Persian Wars? THE PARTHENON

36. Under Athenian leadership, this was an alliance of Greek city states for mutual defense: THE DELIAN LEAGUE

37. Two causes of the Peloponnesian War included: Athenian dominance of the Delian League became excessive Sparta desired to overthrow Athens’ control of the league

38. 3 effects of the Peloponnesian War: 1. Greece was no longer united 2. Greece was vulnerable to invasion by the Macedonians 3. Cultural development was stopped

39. Great Greek philosopher who introduced a new method of teaching by questioning and died from hemlock (poison): SOCRATES

40. Author of the “Republic,” a work describing this philosopher’s idea of rule by wise and ethical Philosopher Kings PLATO

41. An accomplished scientist as well as a great philosopher, this man favored a government in which there was a separation of powers: ARISTOTLE

42. “Father of History,” this great Greek historian and traveler was known for exaggerating events: HERODOTUS

43. Greek historian who was accurate & impartial and only accepted eye-witness accounts THUCYDIDES

44. Greek sculptor who created the enormous statues of Athena for the Parthenon and the statue of Zeus for Olympia: PHIDIAS

45. The 3 types of Greek columns are: 1. DORIC 2. IONIC (Ionian) 3. CORINTHIAN

46. Known for his rational scientific and ethical approach, this man is considered the founder of modern medicine: HIPPOCRATES

47. The most famous Greek scientist who mastered the use of the lever and pulley: ARCHIMEDES

48. Euclid developed a mathematical theory that is today known as: GEOMETRY

49. The great mathematician who developed the theorem known to all geometry students as the way to find the relationship between the sides of a right triangle: PYTHAGORUS

50. Type of drama written by Aeschylus and Sophacles TRAGEDY