Livestock and Poultry Sectors in Pakistan

1. Livestock and Poultry Sectors in Pakistan Dr. M. Afzal Chairman Pakistan Agricultural Research Council Islamabad

2. Livestock in national economy • Livestock in Pak GDP 11.4 % • Share in agri. GDP 53.2 % • Livestock in export 8.5 % • Dependent families> 8.5 m • Provides raw material for industry • Social security for rural poor • Security against crop failure in barani areas

3. Livestock Population (Million Heads) Province Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat Camel Pakistan (2006) 29.6 27.3 26.5 53.8 0.9 Pakistan (2010) 34.3 30.8 27.8 59.9 1.0 Per cent distribution Khyber Phakhtunkhaw 20 7 13 18 7 Punjab 49 65 24 37 22 Sindh 23 27 15 23 30 Balochistan 8 1 48 22 41 Economic Survey (2009-10) Livestock Census (2006)

4. Livestock Population Trend

5. Million Households Number of households reporting livestock (2006) Values in parentheses indicate %age

6. Million animals Herd Size Profile in Pakistan (2006) Values in parentheses indicate %age

7. Livestock Production Systems • Cattle and Buffaloes - Rural Subsistence Small Holdings - Rural Market Oriented Small Holdings - Rural Commercial Farming - Peri-urban/Urban Commercial Dairying - Desert Cattle Farming - Corporate Dairy Farming • Sheep and Goats - Nomadic - Transhumant - Sedentary / Household • Poultry - Rural (range) Poultry - Intensive Poultry

8. Traditional Rural Poultry • Almost every rural household and some urban households raise poultry • Poultry Population 73.65 million • Contribution to egg production 41.6% • Contribution to meat production 24.3% • Breeds: 3 local, 2 imported • Hatching: Brooding hens • Feeding: Scavengers • Important Diseases: Newcastle disease, Fowl cholera, Fowl pox Census 2006

9. Intensive (Commercial) Poultry • History • 1963-65 Beginning of commercial poultry • 1970s Broiler and layer farms • 1980s Breeders farms, chick quality improvement • 1990s Grand parents, better management • 2000s Environmentally controlled housing, Processing and value chain • Status • Share in poultry meat 75.7 % • Share in eggs 58.4 % • Grand parents 5 companies • Breeders 6.8 million • Layers 25 million • Broilers 434 million • Farms 25,897 • Hatcheries 305 • Feed Mills 154

10. Dairy Sub-sector • Total milk production (09-10) 36.299 m tons • Milk market • Producers (self or direct selling) 68.0 % • Informal market (Gawala operated) 28.5 % • Formal dairy industry 3.5 % • Dairy industry • 25 out of 49 dairy plants are operational • Main players are Nestle, Engro, Haleeb, Shakargang, Millac • Main products are UHT and Pasteurized milk, Milk powder, Yougurt, Cream, Cheese, etc. • 3.0 million litres per day being procurement • Rs 63 million daily going to rural economy

11. Meat Sub-sector • Total meat production (09-10) 2.965 million tons • Beef Production 1.655 million tons • Mutton Production 0.603 million tons • Poultry Meat 0.707 million tons • Meat market • Butchers operated shops, many slaughter at shops • Main players at slaughter house are “Arties” • Mainly fresh meat selling • A few chilled meat selling modern butcheries started • Meat industry • 80 % slaughtering done outside out side slaughterhouses • Local governments own and operate slaughter houses, generally rated as unhygienic • 11 private sector slaughter houses registered by Animal Quarantine Department and importing countries • Total export is < 0.6 percent of the production • 46 casing factories processing guts for export • Bone meal / gelatin also being exported

12. Roles in Livestock Development • Federal • National policies, planning & economic coordination • Import/export of animals and animal products and animal quarantine • Research and international coordination • Catalyst for livestock development • Provincial • Livestock Development • Veterinary Vaccine Production • Disease surveillance and reporting • Livestock research • Livestock production and health education • Milk and meat quality • District • Veterinary Health service (Preventive & Curative) • Breeding services (Artificial insemination) • Animal slaughtering • Livestock Markets

13. Veterinary Institutions in Pakistan

14. Production Institutions in Pakistan

15. Livestock Development Constraints • Inadequate feed resources (short by 30%) • Widespread breeding of genetically inferior livestock • Epidemics of infectious diseases • Poor marketing infrastructure • Inadequate institutional infrastructure • Outdated regulatory framework • Limited credit availability to the livestock farmers (1/10 of agricultural credit) • Low investment by government

16. Livestock Development Policy Vision Promoting livestock to provide safe and quality products at competitive prices, covering entire value chain with focus on market and poverty reduction Policy Private sector led development with public sector providing enabling environment Strategy • Private sector led • Increase in productivity • Moving from subsistence farming to market-oriented and commercial farming • Covering entire value chain

17. Poultry Development Policy • Vision Supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs and value added products to the domestic and international markets at competitive prices • Policy Facilitate and support private sector-led development for sustainable poultry products • Strategy • Hi-tech intensive poultry production • Processing and value addition • Improving bio-security • Disease control and genetic improvement in rural poultry

18. Thank You