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Chapter 2: Breeds of Livestock and Poultry (part 1)

Chapter 2: Breeds of Livestock and Poultry (part 1). Chapter overview: Chapter 2 includes discussion and illustration for selected types and breeds of livestock and poultry: part 1: development of breeds and illustrations part 2: life cycles of US food animal species. Defining Terms:.

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Chapter 2: Breeds of Livestock and Poultry (part 1)

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  1. Chapter 2: Breeds of Livestock and Poultry (part 1) • Chapter overview: • Chapter 2 includes discussion and illustration for selected types and breeds of livestock and poultry: • part 1: development of breeds and illustrations • part 2: life cycles of US food animal species

  2. Defining Terms: • Breed - a group of animals possessing certain characteristics in common that distinguish them from other members of the species • Purebred - animal that arose from mating of parents from within the breed

  3. Breed Example: Berkshire Hog • Described as: • Black body color • Six “white points”: white feet, white splash on the face, and the tip of the tail • Ears held erect

  4. Defining Terms: • Registered - an animal that is recorded in the official registry of the breed organization (fig 2.2, p.23) • Pedigree - record of an individual’s ancestry; generally contains the names and registry numbers of ancestors, but may include performance data (fig 2.1, p.23)

  5. Defining Terms: • Pedigree, Record, or Breed Association: • Each pure breed has a pedigree association • Organization of breeders to improve the breed, preserve its purity, and promote the breed • Business includes recording pedigrees and issuing certificates of registry and ownership • Association adopts a “standard of perfection” stating desirable and distinguishable characteristics

  6. Defining Terms: • Form and function - selection of breeds generally results in a particular form and function, called “type” • Examples of differences in type include the heavy draft-type horse and small pony-type horse

  7. Defining Terms: • Form and function - “type” continued: • Single versus “multiple” types: • in the US, breeds of hogs are considered to be of one type: meat producing • but cattle around the world may be of single type (milking), dual purpose (milk and meat) or triple purpose (milk, meat, and draft)

  8. Viewing Selected Breeds of Livestock: • To view an extensive set of pictorial representations of the breeds of domestic farm animals, go to: www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/ • This site was developed by the faculty and staff of Oklahoma State University

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