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Systematic Moral Analysis: Some Approaches

Professional ethics pose complex moral dilemmas with no clear answers. A systematic approach is crucial, considering diverse perspectives and competing values. This article explores some systematic methods and ethical frameworks proposed by experts in the field.

Samuel
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Systematic Moral Analysis: Some Approaches

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  1. Systematic Moral Analysis: Some Approaches Professional Ethics

  2. Moral problems are complicated • Issues arise in diverse contexts • Perception and identification is often difficult • It’s impossible to be completely objective • Different value and interest complexes compete for primacy • Issues tend toward gray rather than black or white • Real problems mean real winners and losers

  3. So, what do we do? • Flip a coin? • Give up? • Do what feels right? • Do what our parents taught us to do? • Follow the Golden Rule? • What?

  4. Criticality requires imposition of rational, principled system and order • The best we can do is to devise an orderly system with which to engage dilemmas • The system should be open-ended and capable of adapting to obvious weaknesses—it should be a learning systems • Where do we begin?

  5. Three (3) General Steps

  6. What kind of systems have professional ethicists suggested? • Day • Bivins • Allen & Voss

  7. Moral Decision Making (Day) Situation Definition • Description of facts • Identification of principles and values • Statement of ethical issues or questions Analysis • Weighing of competing principles and values • Consideration of external factors • Examination of duties to various parties • Discussion of applicable ethical theories Decision • Rendering of moral agent’s decision • Defense of that decision based on moral theory Source: Day (2000), pp. 64-73

  8. Moral Decision Making (Bivins) • What is the issue? • What are the immediate relevant facts? • Who are the claimants? How are you obligated to them? • What are the claimants preferences? • List three alternative courses of action • Run the moral gauntlet • Determine course of action • Justify your decision to your most adamant detractor http://jcomm.uoregon.edu/~tbivins/J397/LINKS/WORKSHEET/Worksheet.html

  9. Value Analysis (Allen & Voss) • Define the issue & identify stakeholders • Determine the stakeholders’ interests • Identify all the relevant values that bear on the issue • Determine the values and interests in conflict • Apply a model to rank the values according to importance; weigh the values and interests in conflict • Resolve the conflict in favor of the higher (more important) value

  10. What else might you add?

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