Taking Charge of Your Health

1. Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One

2. Wellness: The New Health Goal • Health • Usually refers to the condition of a person’s body; the absence of injury or illness • Wellness • Multidimensional state of optimal well-being determined by the decisions you make • Not limited to the absence of physical disease • Dimensions of Wellness: • Physical • Emotional • Intellectual • Spiritual • Social • Environmental • Occupational • Financial • .

3. Wellness: The New Health Goal The Wellness Continuum

4. Terms to Know • Health vs. Wellness • Morbidity rate - the relative incidence of disease among a population • Mortality rate - the number of deaths in a population in a given period of time • Infectious disease- a disease that can spread from person t person, caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, etc.) • Chronic disease -a disease that develops and continues over a long period of time

5. Wellness: Then and Now • In the1900’s • ~Lifespan = 47 yrs. • Most died from infectious disease • An Infectious disease is easily spread from one person to another (bacteria & viruses) • After 1900’s vaccine & antibiotic development reduced # of infectious diseases • Since the 1900’s • ~Life span has doubled • Currently, most die from chronic disease • A chronic disease: develops and continues over a long period of time • Most can be prevented to some degree

6. Wellness: Then and Now

7. The Healthy People Initiative; Healthy People 2020 Major Objective: • 1. Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death

8. The Healthy People Initiative Major Objective • 2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities and improve health of all groups

9. The Healthy People Initiative Major Objective • 3. Create social and physical environments that promote health

10. The Healthy People Initiative Major Objective • 4. Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors across every stage of life

11. Leading Causes of Death in the U.S. • Heart disease: 614,348 • Cancer: 591,699 • Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 147,101 • Accidents (unintentional injuries): 136,053 • Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 133,103 • Alzheimer's disease: 93,541 • Diabetes: 76,488 • Influenza and pneumonia: 55,227 • Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, & nephrosis: 48,146 • Intentional self-harm (suicide): 42,773

12. Factors That Influence Wellness • Health habits • Heredity/Family history • Genome: entire amount of genetic material (DNA) in a persons cells • Favorable and unfavorable genes are inherited that decrease/increase risk of disease • Environment • Exposure at home, workplace, community • Access to Health care • Poverty seems to be one the biggest barriers to health care • Access to health care helps prevent many diseases

13. Getting Serious About Your Health • Examine current health habits • Choose a Target Behavior • Defined as: One behavior you want to change; start simple • Learn About Your Target Behavior • Find Help

14. Changing Your Behavior • Set Realistic Goals • Your behavior change goals should be SMART • SPECIFIC • MEASURABLE • ATTAINABLE • REALISTIC • TIME-FRAME SPECIFIC

15. Transtheoretical Model of Change • Precontemplation • No intention of changing; belief that a problem does not exist • Contemplation • Recognize a problem and begin to contemplate the need to change • Preparation • Plan to take action, and may have a plan • Action • Begin to follow action plans or outwardly modify behavior • Maintenance • Have maintained a behavior for at least six months; Vigilance, attention to detail, and long-term commitment • Termination • New behavior has become an essential part of daily living; exited the cycle of change and no longer tempted to lapse back into old behavior

16. Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One