1 / 10

Understanding Tetralogy of Fallot - Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

Tetralogy of Fallot results from unequal division of the conus, leading to four specific alterations in the heart. Learn about its frequency, treatment, outcomes, developmental causes, associated syndromes, potential complications, and drug therapies. Get insights from medical sources to comprehend this congenital heart disorder.

Thomas
Download Presentation

Understanding Tetralogy of Fallot - Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Tetraology of Fallot What is it?

  2. Definition • Tetralogy of Fallot is the result of unequal division of the conus. Four alterations result: • Narrower right ventricle outflow region • Defect in the interventricular septum • An aorta that overrides directly above the septal defect • The right ventricular wall hypertrophies.

  3. Brief overview • The frequency of this disorder in humans is approximately 1 in 1000. • This problem is not necessarily fatal. • If not treated, the mortality rate is 95% by age 40. • Treatment is typically done at age 6-12 months.

  4. Disease history • Cyanosis (which is also characteristic in a blue baby or any person not getting sufficient oxygen) develops in early life. • Surgery must be done to correct this. If not: • Growth can be retarded (because birth weight is already low).

  5. TOF causes (developmental) • Not clear at this time, but it is believed to be ablation of cells at the neural crest. • The same problem can also lead to DiGeorge syndrome. • Children born to mothers with PKU are highly susceptible, as are mothers who drink during birth.

  6. What else can happen? • Scoliosis • Retinal engorgement • Systolic murmur

  7. Some pictures of Tetralogy of Fallot

  8. Drugs that can treat TOF • Drugs that are used must be used with corrective surgery (mentioned previously) • Morphine sulfate, usually administered IV • Pediatric dosage • Can cause hypersensitivity, hypotension, respiratory depression, nausea, emesis, constipation, urinary retention. • Do not use with depressants such as TCAs and MAOIs, or in patients who have experienced the above when treated with morphine sulfate

  9. Drugs that can treat TOF • Phenylephrine, administered by IV • Pediatric dosage shown here • IF NOT TREATED: the prognosis is poor. Usually lethal.

  10. BIBLIOGRAPHY • eMedicine—Tetralohy of Fallot. Article by Kurt Pflieger, MD. www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic575.htm • HeartPoint: Teratology of Fallot. www.heartpoint.com/congtetralogy.html • Sadler, T. W. Langman’s Medical Embryology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2000.

More Related