vermicompost, pesticides in Europe, USA and Asia

1. Vermi Compost Vermicompost is nothing but the excreta of earthworms, which is rich in humus and nutrients. We can rear earthworms artificially in a brick tank or near the stem trunk of trees (especially horticultural trees). By feeding these earthworms with biomass and watching properly the food (bio-mass) of earthworms, we can produce the required quantities of vermicompost. Vermicompost is purely a biologically processed by the interactions between microbes and earthworms on organic materials. Microbes in the digestive system of earthworms are responsible for transforming some organic material like protein, nucleic acids, fats and carbohydrates into more stable products (vermicompost). We are the manufacturers and suppliers of quality earthworm compost for reclamation of soil and to enrich soil nutrient. We are situated in Sofia, Bulgaria. Unibell Bulgaria vermi compost and vermiwash products are widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia Advantages of Unibell Bulgaria earthworm compost  Earthworm compost boosts soil fertility, improving both the biological and physicochemical properties of the organic material. It allows the utilization of essential nutrients from agricultural wastes in growing crops. It aids the use of slow-release fertilizers, particularly its nitrogen content, which after one-third is used, becomes slow-release humic nitrogen. It has a growth-promoting humic substance or phyto-hormone that accelerates root development. It increases and diversifies the microbe phase, reducing pathological and pest incidence. It minimizes nutrient loss as negatively charged organic material maintains and holds nutrients. It produces humic substances (humates) with high buffering capacity for better soil management. Promotes faster growth of plants, increases crop yield. Produces crops with a better taste, and lasting quality, without toxic residues. Improves groundwater recharge and reduces depletion of groundwater. Reduces soil salinization and soil erosion. Lessens pollution, as chemicals are not used. Increases export of agricultural product with lower pesticide residues. Lessens wasteland formation. Nutrient Content               Nitrogen Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Potash Sulphur 1.5 - 2.5 % 0.5 - 1.0 % 0.9 - 1.7 % 0.2 - 0.3 % 1.5 - 2.4 % 0.4 - 0.5 % and other micronutrients with vitamins, enzymes and hormones Applications 1. F Field Crops 100 kg/bigah Wheat, Rice, Potato, Pulses and Cereals, Vegetables etc. Mango, Guava, Mulberry, Banana, Papaya, Pomegranate etc. Rose, Marigold etc. 3-5 kg/ plant or tree Horticulture Crops 50-100 gm/ plant 1-2 kg/ m2 Ornamental Plants Nursery

2. How to Use? Vermicompost can be used for all crops: agricultural, horticultural, ornamental and vegetables at any stage of the crop.  For General Field Crops : Around 1.5–2 ton/hectare Unibell BulgariaVermicompost is used by mixing with seed at the time of sowing or by row application when the seedlings are 10–12 cm in height. Normal irrigation is followed. 1 ton Suman Vermicompost + 1-1.5 Kg biofertilizer/hectare For Fruit Trees: 3 to 5 kg Unibell BulgariaVermicompost per tree depending on the age of the plant. For efficient application, a ring (15–18 cm deep) is made around the tree and water is sprayed on the surface after covering with soil For Vegetables : For raising seedlings to be transplanted, Unibell Bulgaria Vermicompost 1ton/hectare is applied in the nursery bed and for transplants, Unibell Bulgaria Vermicompost at the rate of 250–350 g per plant is applied initially at the time of planting and 45 days after planting (before irrigation) For Flowers : Unibell Bulgaria Vermicompost is applied at 750–1000 kg/ hectare for field cultivation & 250-300 g/plant for gardening application For Gardens : Mix 1Kg Unibell Bulgaria Vermicompost in 1litre tap water and spray regularly on plants and grass lawns for complete plant nutrition OR     About Vermicompost Known also as worm compost, vermicast, worm castings, worm humus or worm manure, vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product. It is not similar to plain compost, & uses worms in addition to microbes and bacteria to turn organic waste into a nutrient-rich fertilizer. It is a mesophilic process, utilizing microorganisms and earthworms that are active at 10–32°C (not ambient temperature but temperature within the pile of moist organic material). The process is faster than composting; because the material passes through the earthworm gut, a significant but not yet fully understood transformation takes place, whereby the resulting earthworm castings (worm manure) are rich in microbial activity and plant growth regulators, and fortified Vermicompost, or vermiculture, most often uses two species of worms: Red Wigglers (Eisenia foetida) or Eudrilus eugenae rarely found in soil and are adapted to the special conditions in rotting vegetation, compost and manure piles. Vermicomposting is the process by which worms are used to convert organic materials (usually wastes) into a humus-like material known as vermicompost. The goal is to process the material as quickly and efficiently as possible. These two processes are similar but different. If your goal is to produce vermicompost, you will want to have your maximum worm population density all of the time. If your goal is to produce worms, you will want to keep the population density low enough that reproductive rates are optimized. with pest repellence attributes as well. Importance of Vermicompost       Source of plant nutrients Plant growth promoting activity Improved crop growth and yield Reduction in soil C:N ratio Role in nitrogen cycle Improves soil physical, chemical and biological properties Contains       Macro nutrients Micro nutrients Vitamins Enzymes Hormones like Auxins and Cytokinins Beneficial Soil Microflora like Bacteria, Actinomycetes, Protozoans, Fungi and others.

3. Plant growth    Enhances germination, plant growth, and crop yield Improves root growth and structure Enriches soil with micro-organisms (adding plant hormones such as auxins and gibberellic acid)[citation needed] Economic    Biowastes conversion reduces waste flow to landfills Elimination of biowastes from the waste stream reduces contamination of other recyclables Collected in a single bin (a common problem in communities practicing single-stream recycling Environmental   Helps to close the "metabolic gap" through recycling waste on-site Large systems often use temperature control and mechanized harvesting, however other equipment is relatively simple and does not wear out quickly[citation needed] Production reduces greenhouse gas emissions such as methane and nitric oxide (produced in landfills or incinerators when not composted or through methane harvest)  As fertilizer Mid-scale worm bin (1 m X 2.5 m up to 1 m deep), freshly refilled with bedding Vermicompost can be mixed directly into the soil, or seeped in water and made into a worm tea by mixing some vermicompost in water, bubbling in oxygen with a small air pump, and steeping for a number of hours or days. The microbial activity of the compost is greater if it is aerated during this period. The resulting liquid is used as a fertilizer or sprayed on the plants. The dark brown waste liquid, or leachate, that drains into the bottom of some vermicomposting systems as water-rich foods break down, is best applied back to the bin when added moisture is needed due to the possibility of phytotoxin content and organic acids that may be toxic to plants. The pH, nutrient, and microbial content of these fertilizers varies upon the inputs fed to worms. Pulverized limestone or calcium carbonate can be added to the system to raise the pH. Why Us? The innovative approach, skillful execution and cost-effective techniques have helped us significantly in establishing our position among the topmost competitors in the domestic market. Our unique ideas and methods are followed by the customers and our products are widely appreciated. The factors due to which we are able to gain loyalty of our customers are inclusive of       Timely delivery of the products Competitive pricing policy Customized packaging services Quality offerings Reliable Service Provider Wide network Vermiwash Vermiwash is a Brown colored liquid fertilizer, which is collected after water passes via a worm culture column. As storehouse of nutrients and microorganisms, Vermiwash is used as a foliar spray for crops. We prepare Vermiwash while maintaining high concentrations of micro and macronutrients, plant hormones to ensure healthy development of plants. Unibell Bulgaria vermi wash are widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and

4. Australia. About Unibell Vermiwash       Contains excretory products and excess secretions of earthworms plus micronutrients from soil organic molecule Vermiwash has high quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium & zinc and is alkaline Fresh vermiwash contains many beneficial microbes helping plant growth and preventing infections Sugars, phenols and amino acids are also present Hormones promoting plant growth like indole acetic acid, gibberellic acid, and humic acid are present as well Vermiwash must be diluted before application or the plant/crop may die How to Use    Dilute with water (10%) before spraying effectively on any plant Unibell BulgariaVermiwash should be diluted 5 to 10 times with water and then applied Can also be mixed with cow's urine and diluted for use as foliar spray and pesticide as follows o 1 litre of vermiwash o 1 litre of cow's urine o 8 litres of water Unibell Bulgaria VermiwashContains      High amount of enzymes, amino acids Heterotrophic bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes including nitrogen fixers, phosphate solubilisers Vitamins and hormones like Cytokinins, auxins, gibberellins etc Along with macro and micronutrients used as foliar spray Soluble Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash Chemical Composition Ph Electro conductivity dS/m Organic Carbon % Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen % Available Phosphate % Potassium (ppm) Sodium (ppm) Calcium (ppm) Copper (ppm) Ferrous (ppm) Magnesium (ppm) Manganese (ppm) Zinc (ppm) Total Heterotrophs (CFU/ml) Nitrosomonas (CFU/ml) Nitrobacter (CFU/ml) Total Fungi (CFU/ml) 7.48 x 0.03 0.25 x 0.03 0.008 x 0.001 0.01 x 0.005 1.69 x 0.05 25 x 2 8 x 1 3 x 1 0.01 x 0.001 0.06 x 0.001 158.44 x 23.42 0.58 x 0.040 0.02 x 0.001 1.79 x 103 1.01 x 103 1.12 x 103 1.46 x 103 Plant Nursery Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria is the single source destination for all kinds of Nursery Plants. We are the prominent manufacture, exporter and supplier of Rose Flower Plants, Flowering and Ornamental Plants. Besides, we are also one of the leading service providers in this field. We offer the highly effectual garden maintenance services to the institutional clients. With our technical expertise and vast experience in this field, we have been able to carve out a niche in the international market as a reliable entity in the domain of horticulture. International standards of farming are followed while

5. cultivating our plants and we use qualitatively superior seeds in all our plantations. Consequently, we are one of the most reputed Fruit Plants Suppliers in the international market. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria nursery products are widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS, Abu Dhabi, Bahrain, Doha, Dammam, Dubai, Jeddah, Kuwait, Muscat, Riyadh, Sudan, Kenya and Australia. Products Dahlia Plants Flowering Plants Fruit Plants Indoor Plants Landscape Plants Lawn Grass Ornamental Plants Palm Plants Perennial Plants Plumeria Plants Rose Plants Terracotta Flower Pots Water Lily Plants Season Flowers Champagne Palm Rhapis Excelsa Cycad Plants Canna Plants Croton Plants Bulbous Plants Tree Plants

6. We offer Tree Plantations to our clients at wide range. These include Tall Forest Plants, Palms Tree, Cycas Plantation, Bakul Tree and Cassia Fistula. These plantations are exported to our clients all across the globe. These plantations are grown by offering proper fertilizers and completely protect the plants from insects and available to our clients at most comprehensive prices. Neem oil Neem Granules are used as a natural and environmental friendly fertilizer and manure in farming and agriculture. Neem Granules is the residue left after oil has been extracted from neem seeds or kernel. It has the highest azadirachtin content as compared to other parts of the neem tree. Neem oil is a vegetable oil pressed from the fruits and seeds of neem (Azadirachta indica). The neem is very useful tree due to its medicinal and insecticidal properties and can be grown even under semi arid and subhumid conditions upto 700m above sea level. Neem seeds contain up to 45% oil, non-edible in nature. A neem seed contains about 47% oil. The oil is vegetable type oil composed primarily of glycerides (80 to 95%) and free fatty acids (4 to 20%). It is bio-degradable natural plant material. It has no phytotoxicity (damaging properties to the plant tissues) in lower ranges (like1to3%). Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria neem products are widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia Characteristics Neem oil is generally light to dark brown, bitter and has a rather strong odour that is said to combine the odours of peanut and garlic. It comprises mainly triglycerides and large amounts of triterpenoid compounds, which are responsible for the bitter taste. It is hydrophobic in nature and in order to emulsify it in water for application purposes, it must be formulated with appropriate surfactants. Neem oil also contains steroids (campesterol, beta- sitosterol, stigmasterol) and many triterpenoids of which azadirachtin is the most well known and studied. The azadirachtin content of neem oil varies from 300ppm to over 2500ppm depending on the extraction technology and quality of the neem seeds crushed. Biological effects of neem on insects:         Repellent Insecticidal Antibacterial Antifungal Feeding deterrent Oviposition deterrent Insect growth inhibiting Nematicidal.  Minimum Order Quantity: 50 Liter Neem Cake Neem Cake organic manure is the by-product obtained in the process of cold pressing of neem tree fruits and kernels, and the solvent extraction process for neem oil cake. Unibell Bulgaria neem cakes are widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia.

7. Components Neem cake has an adequate quantity of NPK in organic form for plant growth. Being a totally botanical product it contains 100% natural NPK content and other essential micro nutrients as N (Nitrogen 2.0% to 5.0%), P (Phosphorus 0.5% to 1.0%), K (Potassium 1.0% to 2.0%), Ca (Calcium 0.5% to 3.0%), Mg (Magnesium 0.3% to 1.0%), S (sulphur 0.2% to 3.0%), Zn (Zinc 15 ppm to 60 ppm), Cu (Copper 4 ppm to 20 ppm), Fe (iron 500 ppm to 1200 ppm), Mn (Manganese 20 ppm to 60 ppm). It is rich in both sulphur compounds and bitter limonoids. According to research calculations, neem cake seems to make soil more fertile due to an ingredient that blocks soil bacteria from converting nitrogenous compounds into nitrogen gas. It is a nitrification inhibitor and prolongs the availability of nitrogen to both short duration and long duration crops. Use Neem cake organic manure protects plant roots from nematodes, soil grubs and white ants probably due to its content of the residual limonoids. It also acts as a natural fertilizer with pesticidal properties. Neem cake is widely used in india to fertilize paddy, cotton and sugarcane. Usage of neem cake have shown an increase in the dry matter in Tectona grandis (teak), Acacia nilotica (gum arabic), and other forest trees. as a fertilizer: Neem seed cakes also reduce alkalinity in soil, as it produces organic acids on decomposition. Being totally natural, it is compatible with soil microbes, improves and rhizosphere microflora and hence ensures fertility of the soil. Neem cake improves the organic matter content of the soil, helping improvement in soil texture, water holding capacity, soil aeration for Pest Neem extract is effective in the management of insects and pests. The bitter principles of the soil and cake have been reported to have seven types of activities (a) antifeedant (b) attractant (c) repellent (d) insecticide (e) nematicide (f) growth disruptor and (g) antimicrobial. The extract contains salannin, nimbin, azadirachtin and azadiradione as the major components. Of these, azadirachtin and meliantriol are used as locust antifeedants while salannin is used as an antifeedant for the housefly. better root development. controller Minimum Order Quantity: 50 Kilogram Folicon

8. Folicon This compound is found in the seeds (0.2 to 0.8 percent by weight) of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica (hence the prefix aza does not imply an aza compound, but refers to the scientific species name). Many more compounds, related to azadirachtin, are present in the seeds as well as in the leaves and the bark of the neem tree which also show strong biological activities among various pest insects. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria Folicon is widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St.Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia (with enhanced azardichitin content) Advantages   Folicon protects the crop from Leaf eating caterpillars Also controls Sucking pests viz: whiteflies, aphids, thrips, hoppers, mites & mealybugs, Shoot and fruit borers Application  Dilute 5 mL of folicon in 1 lit of water and spray on the crop foliage. Folicon can be mixed and sprayed with chemical pesticides, biopesticides and growth enhancers.    Minimum Order Quantity: 50 Litre Pesticide Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria has highly qualified, adequately experienced professionals and scientists in addition to a committed team of employees which include skilled and semiskilled work force with competent upcountry operations are manned by competent marketing professionals and support staff located in company's regional/branch offices based at all the regions of Europe. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria enjoys a very healthy management-worker relationship reflecting high standards of industrial relations, through constant implementation of excellent staff welfare programmes. The employees in turn are a highly motivated team committed to the goals of organisation with special emphasis on superior quality and customer satisfaction. Pesticides are substances or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating any pest. A pesticide may be a chemical, biological agent (such as a virus or bacterium), antimicrobial, disinfectant or device used against any pest. Pests include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, molluscs, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that destroy property, spread disease or are vectors for disease or cause nuisance. Although there are benefits to the use of pesticides, some also have drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other animals. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria pesticides are widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia

9. Type of Pesticide Avicides Bactericides Fungicides Insecticides Miticides or Acaricides Mites Molluscicides Nematicides Rodenticides Virucides Target Pest Group Birds Bacteria Fungi and Oomycetes Insects Snails Nematodes Rodents Viruses Herbicide Herbicides, also commonly known as weed killers, are pesticides used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed. Some of these act by interfering with the growth of the weed and are often synthetic "imitations" of plant hormones. Herbicides used to clear waste ground, industrial sites, railways and railway embankments are non-selective and kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Smaller quantities are used in forestry, pasture systems, and management of areas set aside as wildlife habitat. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria herbicide is widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia

10. Rodenticides Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria Owing is experience and knowledge of this domain, we have become an affluent manufacturer and supplier of rodenticides in Europe. It is a potent anticoagulant rodenticide of second-generation 4-hydroxycoumarin derivative and vitamin K antagonist and is used to kill rats & mice. This optimum quality Rodenticide is formulated under the guidance of our industry experts as per the international standards. Also, it is offered in various packaging options to fulfill the varied needs of client’s at most economical prices. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria rodenticide is widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus, Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia Features:     Highly palatable bait Long shelf life Purity Weatherable poisonous Insecticide An insecticide is a pesticide used against insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against the eggs and larvae of insects respectively. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry and the household. The use of insecticides is believed to be one of the major factors behind the increase in agricultural productivity in the 20th century. Unibell Corporation Ltd. Bulgaria insecticide is widely sold and exported in countries like Bahamas, Cuba, Denmark, England, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Nigeria, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, Scotland, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Germany, Ukraine, Italy, Kosovo, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece, Albania, UK, Belgium, Belarus,

11. Georgia, Spain, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Canada, USA, New Zealand, UAE, China, Singapore, India, Thailand, Srilanka, Egypt, South Africa, Israel, CIS and Australia. Unibell Corporation Ltd. jk. Fondovi Gilista bl.3 vh.B et.3 ap.40, Sofia 1233 Bulgaria Tel: +359899178710 Email: info@unibellcorp.eu / vp@unibellcorp.eu Website: www.unibellcorp.eu