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Current Safety Testing Procedures & The Relationship between GM foods and the Food Chain

Institute of Food Research. Current Safety Testing Procedures & The Relationship between GM foods and the Food Chain. Professor Mike Gasson Head of Food Safety Science. GM TECHNOLOGY IS STRINGENTLY REGULATED. EC NOVEL FOODS REGULATION 258/97. EU-wide pre-market approval system

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Current Safety Testing Procedures & The Relationship between GM foods and the Food Chain

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  1. Institute of Food Research Current Safety Testing Procedures&The Relationship between GM foods and the Food Chain Professor Mike Gasson Head of Food Safety Science

  2. GM TECHNOLOGY IS STRINGENTLY REGULATED EC NOVEL FOODS REGULATION 258/97 EU-wide pre-market approval system for novel foods and food ingredients including those containing or derived from genetically modified organisms.

  3. UK Safety Committee ACNFP - Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes Wide range of independent scientific expertise Genetic Modification Nutrition Microbiology Toxicology Food Technology Consumer Representative Ethicist

  4. GM INVOLVES DISTINCT FOOD APPLICATIONS • Cell factories for enzymes and ingredients. • Viable or killed GM micro-organisms. • Fresh or processed GM plants. • Commodities derived from GM plants. CASE BY CASE SAFETY ASSESSMENT

  5. SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE Recognises the limitations of conventional toxicological testing for use with whole foods Developed progressively by: WHO – World Health Organisation. FAO – Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. OECD – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

  6. SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE • GM derivatives based on food materials with history of safe consumption. SE aims to establish that a GM derivative is as safe as its conventional counterpart. • SE not a safety evaluation in itself itdoes not identify hazard. • SE is start point that structures safety evaluation • relative to a conventional counterpart.

  7. SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE • SE uses comparative approach to reveal intended and unintended differences between a GM derivative and its conventional counterpart. Differences become a focus for further safety evaluation. • Agronomic, genetic and chemical aspects are compared with a special focus on known toxins, allergens and antinutrients.

  8. SAFETY ASSESSMENT INVOLVES: • TRANSFORMATION PROCESS • (gene delivery) • CHARACTERISATION INTRODUCED DNA • Stability. • Antibiotic Resistance Marker Genes. • Potential for Gene Transfer.

  9. SAFETY ASSESSMENT INVOLVES: INTRODUCED TRAIT • Toxicity. • Physiological effect. • Allergenic effect. UNINTENDED EFFECTS NUTRITIONAL IMPACT

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