Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Ph.D .

1. Ontario Association of Bovine Practitioners Reproductive Symposium Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Getting Cows Pregnant Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Ph.D.

2. Estrus-Detection ProgramsNo hormonal intervention

3. First Service Options End of VWP Heat detection only Insemination Rebreeding or pregnancy diagnosis

4. Pregnancy Rates NS difference 1,190 cows 1,155 cows 9 studies each Adapted from Rabiee et al. (2005)

5. PGF2 ProgramsDetection of Estrus

6. First Service Options End of VWP PGF Heat detection 0 wk Insemination PGF Rebreeding or pregnancy diagnosis Heat detection 2 wk Insemination PGF Heat detection 4 wk Insemination

7. End of VWP First Service Options PGF Heat detection Insemination Rebreeding or pregnancy diagnosis GnRH PGF GnRH TAI Cows not detected in heat by ??? days in milk M M W Th Ovsynch

8. Pregnancy Rates NS difference 2,234 cows 2,209cows 16 studies each Adapted from Rabiee et al. (2005)

9. GnRHPGF2Programs+Detection of Estrus

10. First Service Options End of VWP GnRH PGF Heat detection Rebreeding or pregnancy diagnosis Insemination M M Select Synch GnRH PGF GnRH TAI Cows not detected in heat by ???days in milk M M W Th Ovsynch

11. Pregnancy Rates NS difference 764 cows 770 cows 5 studies each Adapted from Rabiee et al. (2005)

12. Timed AI Programs:Ovsynch

13. % First Service Options End of VWP GnRH GnRH PGF TAI M M W Th 48 hr Ovsynch Pursley et al. (1998)

14. Day of Estrous Cycle at Onsetof the Ovsynch Protocol Vasconcelos et al. (1999)

15. Timed AI Programs:Presynchronized Cycles + Ovsynch

16. PGF PGF GnRH TAI PGF GnRH Injection Schedule forPresynch + Ovsynch Program Estrus Estrus 12 days

17. First Service Options End of VWP GnRH PGF PGF PGF GnRH AI Rebreeding or pregnancy diagnosis 14 days 12-14 days M M W Th Presynch Ovsynch

18. PGF PGF GnRH GnRH TAI PGF Presynch + Ovsynch Program n = 264 n = 262 n = 272 n = 278 12 days Moreira et al. (2001) El-Zarkouny et al. (2004)

19. Pregnancy Rates 2 = 21.084; P < 0.001 971 cows 982 cows 7 studies each

20. Kansas Presynch-Ovsynch Study GnRH+TAI End of VWP Cosynch 48 22.8% PGF PGF PGF 48 hr GnRH TAI GnRH Ovsynch 14 days 12 days 7 d 24 hr 48 hr 23.5% W W M M GnRH+TAI Ovsynch Presynch 72 hr Cosynch 72 W Th 31.4% (n = 665) Portaluppi and Stevenson (2006)

21. Wisconsin Presynch-Ovsynch Study GnRH+TAI End of VWP Cosynch 48 TAI PGF PGF 48 hr 36.2% PGF GnRH GnRH 16 hr 14 days 11 days 7 d 56 hr Ovsynch 56 F F T T GnRH+TAI 44.8% Ovsynch Presynch 72 hr Cosynch 72 Th F 24.6% Brusveen et al. (2006) (n = 343)

22. Timed AI Programs: + Progesterone

23. Pregnancy Rates NS difference 730 cows 718 cows 3 studies each

24. PGF GnRH GnRH GnRH Days Hours Ovsynch + CIDR Conception rates Day 28Day 56 PGF TAI GnRH Ovsynch+C 50%40% CIDR TAI Ovsynch 38%33% –7 0 +48 +64 n = 634 cows Stevenson et al. (2006)

25. Effect of Location and Cyclicity on Pregnancy Rates at Day 28 Treatment × herd interaction Stevenson et al. (2006)

26. Conception Rates at 56 d after TAI based on Cycling Status and Serum P4 at PGF Treatment Stevenson et al. (2006)

27. Pregnancy Rates NS difference 1,599cows 1,609cows 4 studies each

28. 589 cows 586 cows “Cherry Picking” d 0 d 14 Melendez et al. (In press)

29. Costs per Pregnancy Adapted from Nebel et al. (2003)

30. Ontario Association of Bovine Practitioners Reproductive Symposium Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Thank you!