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Creating an Effective Campaign. Fear and Loathing in Political Campaign Advertisements. Introduction. Importance. An effective campaign advertisement can change the course of a political campaign It sways opinion It makes people think It states a candidates stance
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Creating an Effective Campaign Fear and Loathing in Political Campaign Advertisements
Importance • An effective campaign advertisement can change the course of a political campaign • It sways opinion • It makes people think • It states a candidates stance • It states an opponents flaws
Top 10 Tips for Political Ad’s Tell a simple story Make the desired call to action Use basic emotional appeals Use easy arguments Show, not tell Use symbolic images and messages to relate to the sense Match what viewers see and hear Scene’s with impact Allow the power of video to speak for itself Use of identifiable music always helps
Issue Based Ad’s • Issue Based Ad’s are just that…advertisements that address the issues of the campaign • Today it is hard to tell the difference between Issue Based, Negative, and Positive • All three are used
Positive Ad’s • Positive advertisements are advertisements that focus on a candidates positive attributes • Rarely if ever do they speak nice of another candidate
Negative Ad’s • Negative advertisements are always a part of any political campaign • Negative ad’s attack an opponent • Their stance on issues • Their previous actions on issues • Or the person themselves
Why Go Negative? • Why use them? • Research shows they work with certain segments of the population • Get’s the message out there • Media can do the rest • Fodder for the talking heads • Find truth or focus on the negative
Truth in Negativity? • Research shows that “Truth” is not a major factor in negative ad’s • Ad’s usually use “twisted truth” • How do they get away with it? • Enough “truth” so it’s not a total lie • Most people don’t know the truth • Most people don’t care what the truth is
2008 Presidential Election Negative? • Words/phrases used by McCain about Obama in his ad’s • “Dangerous, Not Truthful, Hypocrite, disrespectful, not ready to lead.” • Meaning – too young, no experience, equating Obama with radical friends/acquaintances • Words/phrases used by Obama about McCain in his ad’s • “Out of Touch, No maverick, same failed policies, just doesn’t get it” • Meaning- too old, equating McCain with Bush
Money • Money can and usually does determine an election • Why? • Money to pay for advertising • More commercials, posters, media exposure gets the candidates name out there • 2008 • $5.3 billion spent on the campaign • $2.6 billion spent on advertisements • $240 million by Obama • $123 million by McCain • The rest by special interest groups • Just imagine what better use that money could have gone to
Special Interest Groups • Groups that back a candidate they feel will support their interests if elected • Campaign finance changes • Limited the money candidates could receive and spend • Special interest groups now make up the lost money • Most Famous • 2004 Swift Boat Veterans for Truth • Ran numerous ad’s against John Kerry and helped Bush
What Makes a Good and Bad Candidate • Advertisements can say so much • They tell you why you should vote for someone • They tell you why you shouldn’t vote for someone • They also tell you about a candidate
Good- Military Experience • Up until 1992, military experience…both large and small was helpful • Candidates spoke to their military back ground • Being a “hero” also helped • WHY? • 1945-1991: Cold War • 1991-Present: Terrorism/Middle East • Oh yeah…called “Commander and Chief” for a reason
Theodore Roosevelt 26th President San Juan Hill
Dwight Eisenhower 34th President Gen. US Army During World War II: Commander of Allied Forces Europe
John Kennedy 35th President Lt. During World War II: PT 109
Lyndon Johnson 36th President Lt. US Naval Reserve During World War II: 1 combat mission?
Richard Nixon 37th President Lt. Cm. US Navy During World War II
Gerald Ford 38th President Lt. US Navy During World War II
Jimmy Carter 39th President Lt. US Navy Served on Submarines During World War II
Ronald Reagan 40th President Lt. US Army During World War II
George H.W. Bush 41st President Lt. US Navy Pilot During World War II: 58 combat missions
Bill Clinton: Nope 42nd President Organized an Anti-War Union While in College
George Bush 43rd President Lt. Texas Air National Guard During Vietnam: Stationed in US
Barak Obama: Nope 44th President Too Young for Vietnam: College Student
Exceptions to the Rule • Some candidates with strong military backgrounds fall short • Why? • Vietnam Vets: Not a popular war • “Hero” with post war backgrounds that didn’t match
Imaging: Good • The image of a candidate is extremely important • The ability to relate to the “Average Joe” goes a long way • American idea’s are always a plus • Certain Images speak to the history/culture/ideas of America • None better than the…