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3-1 note

3-1 note. The Internet— More Than Just the WWW. FOCUS QUESTION. What impact has the Internet and the World Wide Web had on the world?. 2. ARPANET. ARPANET was developed in the 1960s by U.S. Department of Defense.

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3-1 note

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  1. 3-1 note • The Internet— • More Than Just the WWW

  2. FOCUS QUESTION • What impact has the Internet and the World Wide Web had on the world? 2

  3. ARPANET • ARPANET was developed in the 1960s by U.S. Department of Defense. • The U.S. Department of Defense created ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) to withstand nuclear attacks and natural disasters. • ARPANET was first used to share scientific and engineering information. • ARPANET split into two parts in 1983 • ARPANET for research • MILNET for military and defence agencies 3

  4. NSFNET • ARPANET was not fast enough by mid-1980s. • National Science Foundation (NSF) created new high-speed network called NSFNET. • There were two objectives to NSFNET: • 1. To interconnect supercomputing centres to share resources • 2. To connect academic and research centres to share information • NSFNET replaced ARPANET in the early 1990s. 4

  5. The Internet As We Know It • More individuals purchased PCs in the late 1980s and early 1990s. • NSFNET served only academic users. • Demand for Internet access drove telecommunication companies to offer service to individuals. • Companies like Bell Canada, AT&T, and Nortel built high-speed backbones and new networks that used the same protocols as the NSFNET 5

  6. TCP/IP • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) are protocols, or rules, for transmitting information that have to be followed. TCP/IP is • free • language of the Internet • throughout the 1980’s and 1990’s its used became widespread and the Internet grew rapidly as a network of many networks 6

  7. ISP’s • Businesses or personal users could set up Internet accounts with many telecommunication companies and INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS - companies that provide users with access to the Internet • During the later 1980’s and early 1990’s, the most popular uses for the Internet were e-mail and file sharing 7

  8. QUICK BYTES • INTERNETWORKING - the process of linking a collection of networks. This term is where the Internet got its name. The term Internet was officially adopted in the early 1980’s. Today it is more commonly referred to as the Net • SUPERCOMPUTING - supercomputers are mainframe computers that are capable of very fast processing. Used for tasks such as worldwide weather forecasting, oil exploration and weapons research • PROTOCOL - an agreed-upon format fortransmitting data between two or more devices. 8

  9. Internet vs. World Wide Web • There is a difference! • The Internet is a collection of networks and computers and storage devices linked by cables and/or satellites. • Many types of data travel over the Internet. • One type is the World Wide Web hypertext document. • The World Wide Web is a collection of hypertext documents stored in computers connected to the Internet. 9

  10. World Wide Web • The creation of the World Wide Web, along with the development of web browser applications led to huge growth of Internet and its use. • The World Wide Web is a collection of millions of hypertext documents, most often written in a web authoring language called HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). The browser follows rules and knows how to translate codes using HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). • The Web is governed by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium). 10

  11. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) • The four goals for the WWW: • 1. Make it available to everyone. • 2. Make it accessible by any device. • 3. Use it for more than searching, browsing, and viewing information. • 4. Make it safer, more trustworthy, and confidential. 11

  12. Navigating the Web • Navigating the Web requires a web browser. A browser is a program that interprets hypertext documents and displays them. • Tim Berners-Lee created the first web browser in 1989. • After NCSA Mosaic was released in 1993, free of charge, the number of web users increased dramatically. It was eventually replaced by Netscape Navigator. • Modern browsers include Microsoft Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox. 12

  13. Hypertext Document Features • Hypertext documents contain hyperlinks. These hyperlinks lead to other pages or another part of the same page. The cursor often turns to a hand when you put your mouse on top of a hyperlink. • Hypertext documents are identified by an address called a URL (Uniform Resource Locator). 13

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  16. What Is a Web Site? • Every Web site has a unique address, or uniform resource locator (URL), that includes a three-letter extension that identifies the type of site. 16

  17. Purpose of Websites • There are three general categories for the purpose of a website: • 1. Information oriented – these websites are used to provide information to the public. They could be a personal web site, government information, publicity, or other type of informative space. • Resources IconAn example: http://www.recycle.nrcan.gc.ca/default_e.htm(A government of Canada recycling information site) • 2. Operational – these are e-business websites that allow users to purchase product and services. • Resources IconAn example: www.futureshop.ca (A Canadian electronics retailer) • 3. Campaign - these types of websites will promote a specific cause or publicity campaign. • Resources IconAn example: http://www.madd.ca/ (Mothers Against Drunk Driving Canada) 17

  18. Structural Foundations • Infrastructure is the structural foundation that enables technology to work. • Communication satellites are critical for sharing information. • Fibre optics are also critical to sharing information. Fibre optics carry information via light pulses along ultra-thin glass fibres. 18

  19. WORK! :) • go to site • Do: • - Investigate IT • - Internet questions 19

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