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DRUG TRENDS THE FIGHT AGAINST DRUG TRAFFICKING

DRUG TRENDS THE FIGHT AGAINST DRUG TRAFFICKING. I STANBUL July 08 , 2008. DRUG PROBLEMS. Globalization High profit margin Increase in drug addiction Terrorist activities Changes in the political situation in various countries.

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DRUG TRENDS THE FIGHT AGAINST DRUG TRAFFICKING

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  1. DRUG TRENDS THE FIGHT AGAINST DRUG TRAFFICKING ISTANBUL July 08, 2008

  2. DRUG PROBLEMS • Globalization • High profit margin • Increase in drug addiction • Terrorist activities • Changes in the political situation in various countries • The drug problem has grown into a regional and international crime problem, not just a national problem.

  3. GLOBAL EVALUATION United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC) World Drug Report 1/3 of $1 Trillion US Dollars is derived from illegal income which is approximately $321 Billion US. The source is from drug trafficking.

  4. AFGHANISTAN MYANMAR LAO PDR MEXICO COLOMBIA OPIATES

  5. COMPARING OPIUM PRODUCTION BETWEEN AFGHANISTAN AND REST OF THE WORLD Source: UNODC

  6. OPIUM POPPY CULTIVATION IN AFGHANISTAN (1986 – 2007) + 17% 193,000 - 20.7% 165,000 131,000 104,000 Source: UNODC

  7. POTENTIAL OPIUM PRODUCTION IN AFGHANISTAN (1986 – 2007) +34.4% 8,200 - 2.4% 6,100 4,200 4,100 Source: UNODC

  8. 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 Hectares 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Lao PDR Myanmar OPIUM POPPY CULTIVATION IN SOUTH EAST ASIA 127,752 81% decrease 2000-2006 + 22% 29,200 24,000 Source: UNODC, Myanmar figures for 2000 & 2001 are US Government estimates

  9. OPIUM POPPY CULTIVATION IN COLOMBIA & MEXICO 8,900 - 41% 5,250 Source: UNODC: 2000-2006 Colombia, 2000-2005 Mexico; US Government Mexico 2006

  10. POTENTIAL OPIUM PRODUCTION IN SOUTH EAST ASIA 73% decrease 2000-2006 1,254 + 40% 469 335 Source: UNODC, Myanmar figures for 2000 & 2001 are US Government estimates

  11. POTENTIAL OPIUM PRODUCTION IN COLOMBIA & MEXICO 177 - 44% 99 Source: UNODC: 2000-2006 Colombia, 2000-2005 Mexico; US Government Mexico 2006

  12. GLOBAL PRODUCTION AND SEIZURES OF HEROIN 11.5% 33.8% 10.9% 11.1% 12.1% 12.2% Source: UNODC

  13. COCA AND COCAINE

  14. GLOBAL CULTIVATION OF COCA (1990 – 2006) Coca Cultivation Andean region 2002 170,300 ha 2003 153,800 ha 2004 158,000 ha 2005 159,600 ha 2006 156,900 ha Source: UNODC

  15. ESTIMATED GLOBAL COCAINE PRODUCTION (1990 – 2006) Production Statistics Source: UNODC

  16. COCAINE TRAFFICKING ROUTES Seizures of cocaine transiting direct to Spain and Portugal have decreased Seizures on the “back door” of Europe have increased 76.7% 58.1% 57.4% 38.9% 45.1% 46.5% Cocaine shipments through West Africa pose a significant threat Reports of large quantities of cocaine to Asia increasing The amount of cocaine leaving Venezuela to the US and Europe has increased dramatically

  17. COCAINE SEIZURES On October 30, 2007, a record 23.5 tons of cocaine was seized in Mexico. Low Profile Vessels: 3 multi-ton cocaine seizures from November 2006 to March 2008 Photo courtesy of the US Coast Guard

  18. CANNABIS AND DERIVATIVES Percentage of Global Production Africa North America Oceania Central/ and Caribbean Asia Europe Source UNODC (Statistics of 42,000 hectares under cultivation in 2005)

  19. GLOBAL SEIZURES OF MARIJUANA (TONS) - 35% Source: UNODC

  20. GLOBAL SEIZURES OF HASHISH (TONS) - 11% Source: UNODC

  21. RECORD HASHISH SEIZURE In June 2008, a joint operation led to the seizure and destruction of approximately 262 tons of hashish. The hashish was stockpiled in several underground warehouses near Spin Boldak, Afghanistan.

  22. AMPHETAMINE-TYPE SIMULANTS

  23. GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF AMPHETAMINE-TYPE STIMULANTS (ATS) 480 479 445 Source: UNODC

  24. The Netherlands remains a significant producer of MDMA “Mega-Labs” in South East Asia are capable of producing both MDMA and crystal methamphetamine. Asian Organized Crime groups play an important role in the global MDMA trade. Canada is now the primary source country for MDMA in the United States. MDMA PRODUCTION

  25. In 2007, decreased availability in the United States. Starting in 2008, no pseudo-ephedrine can be legally imported into Mexico. Precursor Chemicals now flowing through Central America. MEXICO METHAMPHETAMINE TRAFFICKING IN MEXICO Lab seized in Mexico in December 2007

  26. Synthetic drugs are the primary threat in South East Asia. Increasing rates of abuse and production throughout South East Asia. Yunnan Province Burma Vietnam Laos Thailand Cambodia METHAMPHETAMINE IN SOUTH EAST ASIA

  27. GLOBAL SEIZURES OF AMPHETAMINE-TYPE STIMULANTS (ATS) 44 35.4 31.7 29.6 26.6 24.7 Source: UNODC

  28. ORIGIN OF SEIZURES OF ECSTASY (2003 – 2005) The Netherlands Belgium Germany Canada Poland Lithuania Estonia England Bulgaria China Serbia South America Spain USA Hungary Bosnia & Herzegovina Other European Countries Other Asian Countries Other (Source: UNODC )

  29. ORIGIN OF GLOBAL SEIZURES OF AMPHETAMINES (2003 – 2005) The Netherlands Poland Belgium Lithuania Estonia Serbia Germany Bulgaria Czech Republic Bosnia & Herzegovina Slovakia Other European Countries Asian Countries American Countries Oceana (Source: UNODC)

  30. Trafficking groups quickly adapt in response to tighter legal controls. Countries in Asia, Africa and Middle East used for transit. How will new restrictions impact drug trafficking groups? PRECURSOR CHEMICALS

  31. ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (AA) • No licit production or legal use in Afghanistan • Produced in at least 18 countries around the world • China, Russia, India, Germany, and South Korea • Smuggled to Afghanistan through neighboring countries • Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan, and Iran • Smuggled via maritime vessels in containerized cargo and overland in cargo trucks

  32. Price of AA in Afghanistan has reportedly increased over the past year. Notable seizures: In November 2007 10 tons of AA in Russia. In March 2007 14 tons of AA traveling to Pakistan from South Korea. ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (AA)

  33. *Trade-based money laundering linking organizations in South America, the Middle East and Asia. *Exploiting technology and developing new methods. Online and Mobile telephone payment system Virtual worlds MONEY LAUNDERING *Bulk cash smuggling continues unabated.

  34. POLICE UNITS – ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR UNDERSECRETARY OF CUSTOMS COMMANDERSHIP OF COAST GUARD GENERAL COMMANDERSHIP OF GENDARMERIE TURKISH NATIONAL POLICE TURKISH CUSTOMS In the fight against drug trafficking the Gendarmerie, Police, Coast Guard and Customs work cooperatively on joint investigations.

  35. TURKEY’S VIEW ON DRUG TRAFFICKING • Turkey has fought against drug trafficking, drugs abuse and addiction • Turkey has instituted policies which state that drug trafficking is a crime against humanity and drug addicted individuals should be treated as patients • The “National Strategy and Policy Document,” which covers the years of 2006-2012, has been signed by the Prime Minister. • With the signing of this document, political measures on the struggle against drug trafficking has been clearly defined.

  36. RESULTS IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST DRUGS

  37. K.K.T.C. • NORTHERN BLACK SEA ROUTE • BALKAN ROUTE • EAST MEDITERRANEAN ROUTE

  38. HEROIN SEIZURES IN EU AND TURKEY 15,000 Turkey – Transit country EU – Target Countries 12,000 10,810 10,274 9,206 8,963 8,975 10,312 9,000 8,069 7,462 ,8844 Kilograms 8,195 6,005 6,067 6,000 6,914 6,052 4,704 3,820 3,000 3,605 4,651 3,509 2,535 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 In 2006, Turkey seized more heroin than all the EU countries combined. (Source: UNODC )

  39. 1 Operation 121 kg heroin 10 persons arrested 5 Operations 578 kg heroin 19 persons arrested 1 Operation 140 kg heroin 5 persons arrested 1 Operation 142 kg heroin 10 persons arrested EMERGING THREAT: NORTHERN BLACKSEA ROUTE K.K.T.C. Cooperation and operational information sharing resulted in large seizures in the Ukraine (506 kg), Azerbaijan (142 kg), Kazakhstan (121 kg) and Romania (150 kg) 39/109

  40. SYNTHETIC DRUG ROUTES ECSTASY CAPTAGON K.K.T.C. 15,665,321 10,963,979 8,656,886 8,443,719 5,848,457

  41. REGIONAL ECSTASY EVALUATION Although Turkey is not among the main producing or consuming countries, it is among one of the top three ecstasy seizing countries in Europe.

  42. TADOC TURKISH INTERNATIONALACADEMY AGAINST DRUGS AND ORGANIZED CRIME TADOC was established.

  43. OPERATIONS CONDUCTED OVER THE LAST 3 YEARS INVOLVING INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

  44. CONTROLLED DELIVERY OPERATIONS ( 1997 – 2007 )

  45. OUR PROPOSALS

  46. THANK YOU

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