1 / 14

Enzymes continued

Some enzymes work together to complete a series of reactions to produce a given product: A + B -------  C -------  D ------------  E Collectively, these steps are known as a metabolic pathway. Enzymes continued. Enzyme 1. Enzyme 2. Enzyme 3. A metabolic pathway.

abel
Download Presentation

Enzymes continued

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Some enzymes work together to complete a series of reactions to produce a given product: A + B ------- C ------- D ------------ E Collectively, these steps are known as a metabolic pathway Enzymes continued Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3

  2. A metabolic pathway

  3. Anabolism = chemical reactions that expend energy to make or transform chemical bonds Catabolism = chemical reactions that harvest energy by breaking chemical bonds The entire set of all chemical reactions being performed by an organism is called its metabolism

  4. Catabolism involves exergonic reactions Anabolism involves endergonic reactions

  5. Coenzymes Inhibitors Allosteric regulation Feedback Inhibition Cooperativity Control of Metabolism

  6. Coenzymes are bound at the active site in order to interact with the substrate and play an essential role in the catalysed reaction. They act as carriers of a variety of chemical groups. . Coenzymes

  7. Most water-soluble vitamins are components of coenzymes

  8. Specific for an enzyme Can be reversible or non-reversible Competitive inhibitors Non-competitive inhibitors Inhibitors

  9. Competitive vs. Non-competitive inhibitors

  10. Many inhibitors are used as pesticides or drugs

  11. Cells use inhibitors and activators to turn off and on enzymes Many enzymes are controlled by an allosteric site remote from the active site Regulating the rates of enzyme-driven reactions

  12. Allosteric regulation of enzyme activity Many allosterically controlled enzymse show quaternary structure

  13. Feedback inhibition Many enzymes are actually regulated by the end products of the reaction they catalyze Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3 Inter- mediate Inter- mediate Start of pathway X Product Presence of product inhibits enzyme 1 This prevents too much product from being made

  14. An example of Feedback inhibition

More Related