Glucose

1. On the next slide is depicted glucose catabolism. Indicate on the pathways the following: A) which reaction(s) of glycolysis are irreversible B) where energy rich molecules are produced, such as NADH, FADH2 and ATP or GTP C) Where carbon molecules are released as waste D) two examples of inhibition by high concentrations of a metabolite E) two examples of activation by high concentrations of a metabolite. Then draw in the reactions for catabolism of other hexoses, lactate production, gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis and breakdown. Finally, write in the names of the enzymes. Then determine which pathways and enzymes are activated as a result of insulin (or glucagon) release into the blood. Try to do as much of this as possible without your book and notes.

2. Glucose Glucose 6-phosphate Fructose 6-phosphate Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Dihydroxyacetone phosphate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 3-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate pyruvate Acetyl-CoA citrate oxaloacetate isocitrate malate a-ketoglutarate fumarate Succinyl-CoA succinate