Presentation to the Development Foundation for Zimbabwe conference on engaging the Diaspora

1. Presentation to the Development Foundation for Zimbabwe conference on engaging the Diaspora Victoria Falls Zimbabwe 16-18th December 2010 • By Max Gomera

2. Nation-Building 3.0 Opportunities for Powering the Zimbabwean Economy from the emerging Renewable Energy Maxwell Gomera

3. Zimbabwe has set an ambition of 5% GDP Growth • Growth areas likely to be mining, agriculture and manufacturing • Growth from from at least two areas limited both in terms of the distributive aspects of the wealth and potential for driving development. • Growth is limited by weak energy sector • National power demand estimated at 2,000 to 3,200MW • Installed Capacity approximately 1,200MW • Available generation capacity approximately 1,000MW • Effective deficit approximately 1,900MW • With refurbishment of Hwange, Munyati, Harare and Kariba, available generation might reach 1,650MW by 2015 Context

4. Economy largely dependant on Coal, Hydro and Imports for energy • Climate change limits the potential for coal (in terms of securing investment and pressures on emissions) • GRID sources have Limited Opportunity to power rural areas • Where are the new areas for innovation? • Renewable energy presents a development opportunity aimed at creating a new driver for economic growth; new sources of employment and consistent solutions for the improvement of environmental quality based on the recognition of the interdependence of environment and economy Context

5. One which consumes capital.. ..or risks human survival.. ‘Ecological Footprint’ already exceeds Earth’s regenerative capacity… our demands on the planet have doubled over the last 40 years… Green Economy is not…

6. DOWN UP Characteristics of Greening 1. GEI Conceptual Issues

7. Feasibility of Renewable Energy: Good ideas or just hot air? Some examples…

8. Comparison between performance and cost of Renewable Energy technologies [1]Production stages: extraction of raw materials (when appropriate), construction of power plants and operation. . Source: adapted from the presentation of the Center for Research on Electricity(CEPEL), 2007 Renewable Energy

9. Job Creation (200,000 farmers) Enhancing competitiveness (5-6m factories) Enhancing energy security (500MW) Coping with fuel scarcity and price Environmental Integrity Reducing fuel dependence “TRIPLE WIN” FTI Aspects Expected Benefits + ten-year power purchase agreement US Cents 6.0/ kWh • Facilitate resource mobilization • Reduce transaction costs • Encourage private investors Observed Impacts on Mumias Sugar Company Kenya – Feed-in Tariffs FTI Policy

10. Solar Water Heaters China is world’s largest market 2/3 global share Over 10% of population rely on 4o mil SWH systems in place Implementation Plan on Promoting Solar Thermal Utilization in 2007 (11th Five-Year Plan for New and Renewable Energy) Priority for hospitals, schools, restaurants and swimming pool China – Solar Water Heaters UNEP – Green Economy Initiative

11. Economic Benefits Environmental Benefits Social Benefits Industry/ Highly profitable Reduce fossil fuel consumption Reduce risk of CO poisoning, Rheumatoid arthritis Household/ save fuel costs (342 – 3321 yuan) Save 348,000 t SCE of fossil energy/ year 600,000 employed China – Solar Water Heaters

12. Green buildings EASTGATE building in Zimbabwe uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building its size. Eastgate's owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning plant didn't have to be imported. Rents are 20% lower than in other buildings. EASTGATE building in Zimbabwe mimics cooling mounds of termites Source: Mick Pearce

13. Sustainable Transport Source: Ministry of Transport Source: PDDT Vivo Source: DOT/Maritime Administration e TCL Source: Ministry of Transport

14. Sustainable Planning Initiatives Brazil – Sustainable Cities

15. Organic Agriculture 48-68% lower carbon emission Carbon Sequestration Climate Contribution OA Growth in Uganda US$ 22.8 mil (2007/8) US$ 6.2 mil (2004/5) US$ 3.7 mil (2003/4) Organic food & drink 97% revenue –OECD countries 80% producer in developing countries OA Exports in Uganda Business Opportunity Uganda – OA Transformation UNEP – Green Economy Initiative

16. Use of Economic Instruments • Feed In Tariffs for Renewable energy • Creating a market for renewable energy and increasing the number of producers Rewarding green production and creating a green market • Accessing Global Financing • Clean Development Mechanism • Reducing Emissions from Degradation and Deforestation • Adaptation Funds • Green Economy Credit Line • Support to Small and Medium Enterprises from local and international financiers • Stimulus money, loan guarantees, grant programs Constructingthe Agenda....

17. State programs for sustainable construction • Reduced taxes for green technologies • Develop policies to guide sustainable construction • Challenge the assumption of connection to ZESA • Water harvesting and individual water use control • Payment for Ecosystem Services • Forests are important as offsetting tools • Wetlands, etc • Accessing such finances can be a challenge • Support to local research capacities • Tech innovation will allow for production cost reductions and installation cost reductions in the long run Constructing the Agenda…

18. Value Horizon 1: Acting together with Business / Market leaders Instruments / Actions Time Transforming the Productive Sector

19. Value Horizon 2: Change processes in the supply chain & bring the market average toward Env agenda Horizon 1: Acting together with leaders of the market Changes in project design Instruments / Actions Time Transforming the Productive Sector

20. Value The Government of Zim will contribute to the stimulation of sustainability in the private business Horizon 3: Change all elements of the production chain installed in Zimbabwe Horizon 2: Change processes in thesupplychain & bringthemarketaverage for theenvironmental agenda Horizon 1: Acting together with leaders of market Instruments / Action Change in design of projects Change in social behavior Time Planning tools and monitoring StrategywiththeProductive Sector

21. What does this mean for Gov and business ? • All agendas will need to link • Green Economy provides one framework for such a conversation • Concept brings together agenda of work, wealth and health • Unifies the key actors in the economy, including Business which will ultimately provide most of the solutions Green Economy Thank you!