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Visualizing the Decision Space of a Ship’s Maneuverability in a Real-Time 3-D Nautical Chart. Thomas Porathe Information Design Dep. of Innovation, Design and Product Development Mälardalen University Eskilstuna, Sweden September 2004. www.aislive.com. www.aislive.com.
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Visualizing the Decision Space of a Ship’s Maneuverability in a Real-Time 3-D Nautical Chart Thomas Porathe Information DesignDep. of Innovation, Design and Product DevelopmentMälardalen UniversityEskilstuna, SwedenSeptember 2004
The grounding of Exxon Valdez in Price William Sound, Alaska on March 24, 1989
Ships departing from the TSS because of ice on March 24, 1989. (National Transportation Safety Board (1990) Marine Accident Report. Grounding of the U.S. Tankship Exxon Valdez on Blight Reef, Prince William Sound Near Valdez, Alaska Marsh 24, 1989, p. 48)
The National Transportation Safety Board determined that the probable cause of the grounding of the EXXON VALDEZ was • the failure of the third mate to properly maneuver the vessel because of fatigue and excessive work load; • the failure of the master to provide a proper navigation watch because of impairment from alcohol; • the failure of Exxon Shipping Company to provide a fit master and a and a rested and sufficient crew; • the lack of an effective Vessel Traffic Service because of inadequate equipment and manning levels, inadequate personnel training, and deficient management oversight; • and the lack of effective pilotage services. • (National Transportation Safety Board (1990) Marine Accident Report. Grounding of the U.S. Tankship Exxon Valdez on Blight Reef, Prince William Sound Near Valdez, Alaska Marsh 24, 1989, p. 170)
Some factors influencing a ships turn rate Onboard factors: Static:Shape and length of hullType of rudderType of propulsionDynamic:Draught and trim(Speed) External factors: WindCurrentWavesLocal depth
Motions of a turning ship. Stenhag, Ned Stanley, Seamanship, Ships Maneuvering, Gothenburg Maritime Achademy
Turning motions of a midsize ship with a clockwise revolving propeller, advancing at full speed with hard (35 deg.) left and right rudder. Stenhag, Ned Stanley, Seamanship, Ships Maneuvering, Gothenburg Maritime Academy
The effect of water depth on a turning ship. Exxon (1979) Maneuvering Trials of the 278,000 DWT ESSO OSAKA in Shallow and Deep Waters, Report number E11.4TM.79
Predicting future position and course of a conventional product carrier in SSPA Seaman software in four time steps and for seven rudder angles from 40 degrees left rudder to 40 degrees right rudder. Wilske, Erland (2004) A new method for evaluation of ship manoeuvring margin , SSPA Research Report No. 127, p. 14
Dynamic maximum turn area. Non-red areas are free decision space. 3D chart prototype of the Aland archipelago in the Baltic sea.
Vessel Traffic Centers, Command and Control Centers, control of unmanned vessels