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VERBAL PREFIXES IN LATIN

VERBAL PREFIXES IN LATIN. Derek Hommel Philip Fraccola. Verbal Prefixes. some compound verbs take dative ‘prae’ verbs, infero Formation modifications: assimilation : last letter of prefix becomes first letter of base: ad + fero = affero

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VERBAL PREFIXES IN LATIN

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  1. VERBAL PREFIXESIN LATIN Derek Hommel Philip Fraccola

  2. Verbal Prefixes • some compound verbs take dative • ‘prae’ verbs, infero • Formation modifications: • assimilation: last letter of prefix becomes first letter of base: ad + fero = affero • contradiction: dithong in base may become single vowel: re + quaero = requiro • weakened vowel: ‘a’ or ‘e’ may become an ‘i’ in compound: de + facio = deficio

  3. prefixes and dative A compound verb taking dative: castra Manlius praeerat castris compound

  4. ab-, a- – from, away a verto - turn away; turn aside accipio capio - take from » receive English: abduct, avert, abstract

  5. ad – to, toward, near ad orior - rise to meet » attack ad sum - be near » be present English: adhesive, assimilate, advent

  6. con – together, completely con fido - trust deeply » be confident conficio facio - do completely » finish English: collaborate, convene, corrode

  7. de – from, down de scribo - write down » describe de fero - bring down English: descend, devolve, defoliate

  8. dis / di – apart, away di mitto - send away » let go di fero - bring apart » differ English: differ, dispel, dispute

  9. ex / e – out ex pello - drive out ex pono - put out » set forth English: expel, extol, expect

  10. in (1) – into, in, on, upon incipio capio - take upon » begin in cito - excite into » urge on English: infringe, import, impel

  11. in (2)– not, without * negative connotation in video - see without » envy im pendeo - hang over » threaten English: indecent, illegal, immoral

  12. inter – between * can imply an interruption interficio facio - interrupt doing » kill do inter mitto - interrupt sending » stop send English: intercept, interstate

  13. ob – against, toward obtineo teneo - hold against » possess ob dormio - sleep toward » fall asleep English: oblong, obstacle

  14. per – thoroughly, very perficio facio - do thoroughly » finish per mitto - let go » allow, entrust English: permeate, percolate, pervert

  15. prae – ahead, before, very praecipio capio - take ahead » direct praecipio facio - do before » put in charge English: precede, prejudice

  16. pro – forth profiteor fateor - confess forth » declare pro duco - lead forth English: proclaim, proceed, produce

  17. re / red – back, again requiro quaero - seek again » search for re pello - drive back English: remove, return, retreat

  18. trans – across trans porto - carry across trans duco - lead across English: translate, transparent

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