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Fungus in pharmaceutical industries

Fungus in pharmaceutical industries. تحت نظر: استادمحمد نسیم صدیقی. تهیه کنندگان: سکینه نایمن زینب ساعی حامدالدین صدیقی ذبیح الله محمدی اجمل یوسفی. The fungus being tested fungus demonstrates anti-bacterial activities Only a few very useful antibiotics were discovered in fungi

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Fungus in pharmaceutical industries

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  1. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  2. Fungus in pharmaceutical industries Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  3. تحت نظر: استادمحمد نسیم صدیقی تهیه کنندگان: سکینه نایمن زینب ساعی حامدالدین صدیقی ذبیح الله محمدی اجمل یوسفی Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  4. The fungus being tested • fungus demonstrates anti-bacterial activities • Only a few very useful antibiotics were discovered in fungi • With the mass production of penicillin, there began a search for antibiotics from other fungi, bacteria and algae. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  5. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  6. Penicilluim notatum • Penicillin is the liquid which is secreted from penicillium notatum, which is the mold. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  7. Penicillin is one antibiotic that kills bacteria. It is produced by Penicillium chrysogenum and related species. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  8. 1945 :Alexander Fleming noticed that a mold (penicillium notatum) produced a compound that inhibits bacterial growth. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  9. The fungus was eventually identified to be Penicillium notatum. • Although similar to lysozyme action, penicillin was far more powerful an antibacterial compound. Flemings' crude extracts could be diluted 1,000 times and still was effective in killing bacteria and not toxic to animals. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  10. There are many species of Penicillium. A • Penicillium chrysogenum was found to • 200 times more than P. notatum. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  11. Then in 1939, Sir Howard Florey • Sir Ernest Chain Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  12. Cephalosporium Acremonium • Cephalosporins are another class of antibiotics produced by Cephalosporium acremonium and related species Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  13. First discovered from Acremonium chrysogenum in 1953. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  14. Cephalosporin has also been identified from other fungi such as Emericellopsis and Paecilomyces, two genera that are morphologically similar to Penicillium. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  15. Economic Importance of Cephalosporins • Cephalosporin is one of the most widely used antibiotics, and economically speaking, has about 29% of the antibiotic market. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  16. Streptomycesgriseus Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  17. Spore arrangement in Streptomyces griseus. Grey spores arranged in straight chains, as is typical of these strains. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  18. The discovery of streptomycin, an anti-tuberculosis antibiotic Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  19. Penicilliumgriseofulvum • Griseofulvin was first isolated from. • mutated strain of P. patulum Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  20. fungal antibiotic • infections of hair, nail, skin and athlete's foot and ringworm. • a fungistatic antibiotic.. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  21. Clavicepspurpurea Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  22. Clavicepspurpurea • Fungi have been used medicinally since ancient times. • Ergotamine, • is used to facilitate delivery of babies • relieve migraine headaches Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  23. Scientific classification • Kingdom: Fungi • Division: Ascomycota • Class: Sordariomycetes • Subclass: Hypocreomycetidae • Order: Hypocreales • Family: Clavicipitaceae • Genus: Claviceps Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  24. Rhizopusnigricans Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  25. Scientific classification • Kingdom: FungiDivision: ZygomycotaClass: ZygomycetesOrder: MucoralesFamily: MucoraceaeGenus: Rhizopus Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  26. The steroids in "the pill" are produced industrially by a fungus, • as are the steroids cortisone and prednisolone. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  27. Tolypocladiuminflatum Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  28. If you've had an organ transplant you might be taking Cyclosporin • immunosuppressant Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  29. Aspergillusnidulans Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  30. Cilofungin • It is not the natural product extracted from fungi. • The antibiotic is developed from a metabolite extracted from several species of Aspergillus such as A. nidulans and A. rugulosus. • It is thus a semi-synthetic antibiotic. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  31. Economic Importance of Cilofungin • Cilofungin is specifically developed to treat candiasis (which commonly manifests as thrush) caused by the fungus Candida albicans. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  32. Ganodermalucidum Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  33. Ganodermalucidum • یكی از قارچهای با خاصیت دارویی است كه بیش از 4000 سال در طب سنتی چین و ژاپن استفاده می‌شده است. مردم چین قارچ گانودرما را گیاهی از جانب خداوند دانسته‌اند كه می‌تواند به عنوان اكسیری از ابدیت، سلامتی و آسایش انسانها را تضمین كند(2). در طب سنتی قارچ گانودرما در درمان ضعف و كوفتگی‌های عمومی بدن، تنگی نفس،‌ بیخوابی و سرفه‌ها استفاده می‌شد(3). مطالعات و تحقیقات نوین به‌طور روز افزون، آن باورها و عقاید را تایید كرده و اغلب مطالعات جدید خاصیت دارویی این قارچ را هم اکنون در زمینه كاهش فشار خون، كاهش چربی خون، حفاظت از كبد، ضد التهاب، ضد دیابت، فعالیتهای ضد میكروبی، هپاتیت،‌معده درد، ارتروز، برنشیت، ورم معده، تنگی نفس، بی اشتهایی، ورم كلیه و سرطانها مورد تایید قرار داده است(4). در حال حاضر این قارچ به‌صورت تجاری در شمال آمریكا،‌ چین،‌ تایوان،‌ ژاپن و كره جنوبی كشت می‌شود. Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

  34. Many tnx Downloaded from www.pharmacy123.blogfa.com

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