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Fungus

Fungus. Chapter 19. Characteristics. Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs Along with bacteria they are major decomposers Many are saprophytes which means they live off dead material. Most reproduce both sexually and asexually . Fungi are found almost everywhere on earth.

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Fungus

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  1. Fungus Chapter 19

  2. Characteristics • Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs • Along with bacteria they are major decomposers • Many are saprophytes which means they live off dead material. • Most reproduce both sexually and asexually. • Fungi are found almost everywhere on earth. • Their cells have cell wallsmade of chitin.

  3. 1. Zygomycota – (common molds) bread, cheese molds & fruit molds Bread mold

  4. Cheese mold

  5. Fruit mold

  6. 2.Ascomycota (sac fungi) morels, truffles and yeasts. Truffles

  7. Morels • Gourmet food • Found in woodlands • $20 per pound

  8. Sac fungus

  9. 3. Basidiomycota (club fungi) mushroom, shelf fungi, and puffballs. Club fungus mushrooms shelf fungus puffballs

  10. The mushroom is called the fruiting body of the fungus because its purpose is to produce reproductive spores.

  11. Turkey Tail Fungus

  12. Mushroom Spore Print

  13. 4. Deuteromycota (imperfect fungi) penicillium, ringworm, and athletes foot penicilium

  14. Ringworm

  15. Athletes foot Imperfect fungus

  16. Toenail fungus • 35 million infected in US • Can spread from person to person • Also called “onychomycosis”

  17. Lichen • Lichen: A partnership between a fungus and an algae. • The algae provides food for the fungus. • The fungus provides a place for the algae to live.

  18. Lichen There are three forms of lichens: • Crustose:paint-like crusts that are tightly attached to trees and rocks

  19. Foliose:leaf-like

  20. Fruticose:moss-like, branching, the most three dimensional of all the lichens

  21. Parts of a Mushroom • Fruiting body:grows above ground • Stalk(Stipe):main support of mushroom • Ring (annulus):skirt of tissue circling stalk • Cap: top of mushroom • Scales:flakey surface of the cap • Gills:underside of cap (produce spores) • Spores:reproductive structures • Mycelial threads:Underground network of hyphae. • Hyphae: long strands of cells; make up the body of the fungi.

  22. Scale Cap Gills Fruiting body Ring Spores Stalk Mycelial Threads Hyphae

  23. Interesting Fungi • Cyclosporine: An organ transplant drug that is used to prevent rejection of the transplanted organ.

  24. Cordyceps lloydii: A deadly fungus that infects ants.

  25. Predator mushrooms – Oyster mushroom use their mycelium to kill and eat round worms.

  26. Truffles: Very expensive fungus that is used to flavor foods. Pigs and dogs are used to hunt this fungus that is buried underground. White Truffles $800-$1,500 Per pound Black Truffles – 3 oz $180

  27. $763 White Truffle

  28. Fairy Rings: Interesting growth pattern of mushrooms.

  29. Stinkhorns– smell like rotten meat to attract flies that spread their spores.

  30. A Fungus that parasitizes a fungus!

  31. A Fungus that parasitizes amoebas!

  32. Aspergillus niger • Used to create citric acid, an additive to many foods.

  33. Science or Art

  34. Wow!!

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