Tobacco or health seminar 13 December 2007 Tashkent Dr M. Tailhades WHO

1. MAKING OUR Tobacco or health seminar 13 December 2007 Tashkent Dr M. Tailhades WHO TOBACCO FREE

2. Global Trends in Tobacco Use • 1.1 billion or 1 in 3 adults smoke • about 80% live in low- and middle-income countries • total number of smokers is expected to reach about 1.6 billion by 2025 World Bank, 1999 • 1.2 billion smokers over the age of 15 years • 300 million are in China WHO, 2001

3. Trends in tobacco use • 1993 – 2003, cigarette consumption in the world increased from 5,119 bln to 5,439 bln. • From 1999- 2003 cigarette consumption in East and Central Asia increased from 705 bln to 920 bln in 2003 • Majority 25-29 years age group

4. Tobacco Production andConsumption in Uzbekistan • Manufactured Cigarettes • Uzbekistan has manufactured 5,9 bln in 2000 and 6,4 bln in 2005, • 293 496 000 local production sold in country • 25 million imported cigarettes and sold • Total consumption in 2006: 355 567 634 packs in 2006 • RUz 24% men versus 1,1% women smoke are current smokers • Specific problem to UZB nasvay, mainly in rural areas, 45% versus 27% in urban settings. Total 11% consuming nasvay

5. Revenues and losses due to tobacco in Uzbekistan • Direct income from taxes on tobacco: 23,5 bln sums • Total loss due to medical costs, tax losses etc.. 61.9 bln • We can see that the effect of tobacco use on the economy is very negative

6. Smoking and public health • Single most preventable health crisis of all • Kills nearly 5 million people each year • Affects the smokers and the environment 10480 die every year due to tobacco-related disease in Uzbekistan - that's 1 every hour

7. What Are You Smoking? There are 4,000 chemicals in cigarette smoke - 60 of which are cancer-inducing substances • Nicotine – an intake off 60 mg can kill; each stick has 15-20 mg • Tar – an irritating & cancer-causing substance • Ammonia – makes smokers addicted • Carbon monoxide – also found in car smoke • Cadmium – highly toxic, • Lead – stunts growth & causes brain damage • Arsenic – well-known poison

8. Passive Evidence of SECOND-HAND SMOKE • non-smokers who live with smokers are: • at 20-30% increased risk of developing cancer, particularly lung cancer • At 20-30% increased risk of developing heart disease - Major International reviews on Cancer and Heart Disease • second-hand smoke kills 35,000 to 65,000 adult non-smokers from heart disease and 3,000 non-smokers from lung cancer every in USA alone - US and California Environmental Protection Agencies

9. Passive Evidence of SECOND-HAND SMOKE • In children, passive smoking is known to cause fetal growth impairment, asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia and middle ear disease • Children’s exposure to tobacco smoke is responsible for up to 13% of asthma cases, 13% of ear infections and 20% of all lung infections in children under 5 - 1996 US Analysis of over 100 reports on Pediatric Diseases

10. Some facts • Smoking already kills one in 10 adults worldwide • By 2030, the proportion will be one in six, or 10 million deaths per year • Until recently, this epidemic of chronic disease and premature death mainly affected the rich countries, it is now rapidly shifting to the developing world • By 2020, seven of every 10 people killed by smoking will be in low- and middle-income nations World Bank, 1999

11. Tobacco grown in Uzbekistan is accepted in world market. Friday, March 03, 2006 • Turnover of uzbek-british-american joint company “British –American Tobacco Uzbekistan” (JV ”UzBAT” Joint Stock Company is increased for 11,2% ) in 2005 in comparison with the last year. This information has been given publicity during the press-conference, which has been held on 1 March & devoted to the results of JV activity within the last year. • General Director of JV ”UzBAT” has mentioned that, Uzbekistan is a sole country in the world, which grows three kinds of tobacco at once,  “Izmir”, “Basma” & “Dubek”. Primarily only “Dubek” has been grown in RUz. But in the course of time demand for this type of tobacco has been decreased in RUz and abroad. In present time “Izmir” & “Basma” are in popular demand. And Uzbekistan has started to grow these types of tobacco.     • Excerpt of local newspaper: Business Messenger of East           

12. What happens to our body when you quit smoking . . . 5 years: • lung cancer death rate decreases by almost ½ • stroke risk is reduced to that of non-smoker 5-15 years after quitting • risk of cancer of the mouth, throat & asophagus is ½ that of a smoker’s risk

13. What happens to our body when you quit smoking . . . 10 years lung cancer death rate is similar to that of a non-smoker risk of all cigarette-related cancers continues to decrease 15 years risk of coronary heart disease is that of a non-smoker

14. What is FCTC? • Key requirements of treaty : • Ban tobacco advertising, sponsorship and promotion, where constitutions allow, within five years • Tobacco packaging must include health warnings covering at least 30% of packet within 3 years • Introduce measures to protect people from second-hand tobacco smoke in public places • Draw up strategies to combat smuggling • Adopt tax policies which discourage smoking • Product regulation

15. What is FCTC? Key aspects of tobacco control include measures that • protect children and youth from tobacco, especially by preventing them to take up tobacco consumption; • support tobacco users to quit; • help protect non-smokers from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke; and • provision of support for economically viable alternative activities. • regulate tobacco products.

16. FCTC Status WHO We are offering you to check an updated information on WHO FCTC status in our website: www.who.int/tobacco. 113 Member-Parties Number of contracting parties First Conference of the Parties (6-17 February, 2006)

17. QUIT NOW!