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The Scramble for African Colonies

Learn about King Leopold II's exploitation of the Congo for wealth and conquest, the Berlin Conference of 1884, and the horrors inflicted on Africans, while France and Britain expand their empires in Africa by 1914.

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The Scramble for African Colonies

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  1. The Scramble for African Colonies Chapter 9 Section 2

  2. Belgium’s Role • King Leopold II of Belgium hired Henry Stanley to explore the Congo and arrange trade treaties. • He really only wanted wealth and conquest.

  3. The Berlin Conference: 1884 • Seeing that Leopold is in a hurry to colonize, Europeans meet in Berlin to discuss and arrange trade and claims in Africa, and redraw the map. • Not ONE African was invited.

  4. Horrors in the Congo • Leopold exploited the Congo for copper, ivory, rubber. • Enslaved, beat, mutilated, and killed villagers. • Turned Africans against each other.

  5. “In the Rubber Coils”

  6. France • Takes Algeria, West, and Central Africa. • The French African empire was bigger than the U.S.

  7. Britain • Colonized the most populated regions: Sudan, Egypt, West and East Africa. • Took control of South Africa from the Dutch, who had previously colonized it. • The British set up an all-white gov’t that would be in place until 1993.

  8. European Claims in Africa by 1914:

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