Chapter 10: The Changing Nature of PE & Sport

1. Chapter 10: The Changing Nature of PE & Sport

2. Today’s class focus is on physical education in the schools of Texas.

3. THE “OLD” PE • required uniforms • exercise in straight lines • running laps for punishment • choosing sides to play traditional games • little or no organized teaching

4. THE “NEW” PE • casual dress code • learning stations • success for all ability levels • innovative games and programs • Yoga • Rock Climbing • Martial arts • Frisbee

5. “Physical miseducation is a dragon that rears its ugly head for various reasons, and it is extremely tough to slay.” Pangrazi & Darst

6. What is PhysicalEducation? Who remembers the definition?

7. PHYSICAL EDUCATION is an integral partof the total education processand has as its aims the development of: physically mentally socially & emotionally fit citizens through the medium of physical activities that have been selected and planned to achieve specific outcomes.

8. Physical Education derives from play • and in its mature form is institutionalized in culture as sport and dance.

9. NASPE identified five major areas of PE outcomes • Motor Skills and Movement Competence • Health-Related Physical Fitness & Wellness • Human Performance Principles • Social Skills and Positive Self-Concept • Lifetime Participation

10. Motor Skills & Competence • Components of motor skills: • fundamental skills--locomotor, nonlocomotor, manipulative • rhythmic • specialized for sport/games

11. Health-Related Physical Fitness & Wellness • Opportunity to develop and maintain personal health through physical activity and fitness • body comp, cr endurance, flexibility, muscle strength & muscle endurance • activities included in each class • positive experiences • understand how to maintain wellness throughout life

12. Human Performance • experience in a broad variety of activities, leading to increased enjoyment & participation • select activities for safety

13. Social Skills and Positive Self-Concept • participation • cooperation • competition • tolerance • positive feedback

14. Lifetime Participation The ultimate measure of success is the number of students who participate in physical activities such as exercise, sport, dance, and outdoor adventure activities through their lives.

15. State/local requirements coeducational classes students w/ disabilities community facilities private sports instruction Independent study Fitness vs. skill development equipment, facilities, class size legal liability coaching conflicts Issues Affecting PE

16. WOULD YOU KNOW A GOOD SCHOOL PE PROGRAM IF YOU SAW IT?

17. Successful programs have.. • Positive environments • student options • wide variety of activities • lifetime sports

18. Successful programs have.. • outdoor ed • health-related fitness • in-depth, progressive instruction • new team sports

19. TEKS:TEXAS ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS GRADES K-12

20. The TEKs determine what will be taught in Texas public school classes. • are arranged by subject. • went into effect in 1998-99. • run through all the applicable grades. (PE is K-12) • are used in measuring school success.

21. BASIC UNDERSTANDINGS • The entire sequence and scope for the curriculum in K-12 physical education is based on two basic principles. • The basic understandings relate to movement competency and meaningful physical activity.

22. MOVEMENT KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS provide for… • enjoyment • continued skill development • increased access to a physically active lifestyle

23. DAILY, MEANINGFUL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTHFUL BEHAVIORS are factors in… • promotion of health • prevention and reduction of disease

24. K&S for each elementary grade level included references to three areas... • Movement • Physical Activity & Health • Social Development

25. What are the specific differences in expectations between the grades for elementary PE? ?

26. Kindergarten TEKS include... • Movement • travel in different ways without bumping into others • maintain balance while bearing weight on a variety of body parts • walk forward & sideways the length of a beam without falling

27. Kindergarten TEKS include • Physical Activity & Health • participate in appropriate exercises for flexibility in shoulders, legs, and trunk • locate the lungs and explain their purpose • use equipment and space properly

28. Kindergarten TEKS include • Social Development • follow rules, procedures and safe practices • work in a group setting in cooperation with others • respond appropriately to starting and stopping signals

29. 1st Grade TEKS include • Movement • demonstrate proper foot patterns in hopping, jumping, skipping, leaping, galloping, and sliding. • clap in time to a simple rhythmic beat • recognize that motor skill development requires correct practice

30. 1st Grade TEKS include • Social Development • explain boundaries and rules for simple games • interact, cooperate and respect others • resolve conflicts in socially acceptable ways such as talking and asking the teacher for help

31. 2nd Grade TEKS include • Movement • travel independently in a large group while safely changing direction • recognize that attention to the feeling of movement is important in motor skill development

32. 2nd grade TEKS include • Physical Activity & Health • identify how regular physical activity strengthens the heart, lungs, and muscular system • participate in moderate to vigorous physical activities on a daily basis that cause in creased heart rate, breathing rate and perspiration

33. 2nd grade TEKS include • Social Development • display good sportsmanship • identify strategies in simple games and activities such as dodging to avoid being tagged. • treat others with respect during play

34. 3rd Grade TEKS include • Movement • demonstrate key elements in manipulative skills such as underhand throw, overhand throw, catch and kick such as position your side to the target.

35. 3rd Grade TEKS include • Physical Activity & Health • distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic • select and use proper attire that promotes participation and prevents injury

36. 4th Grade TEKS include • Physical Activity & Health • name the components of health-related fitness such as strength, endurance, and flexibility.

37. 4th Grade TEKS include • Social Development • respond to winning and losing with dignity and understanding • work independently and stay on task

38. 5th Grade TEKS include • Movement • demonstrate controlled balance on balance board, stilts, scooters, and skates • perform selected folk dances

39. 5th Grade TEKS include • Physical Activity & Health • common skeletal problems and their effect on the body such as spinal curvatures • describe how movement and coordination are effected by alcohol and other drugs

40. 5th Grade TEKS include • Social Development • describe fundamental strategies in net/wall, invasion, target, and fielding games

41. The PE curriculum continues with TEKS for... • Middle School, grade 6 • Middle School, grade 7 • Middle School, grade 8 • High School courses

42. Grades 6,7,8 have the same seven basic TEKS topics* forMiddle/Junior HighPhysical Education. *but the sub-areas differ through the grade levels.

43. competency in fundamental movement patterns • applies movement concepts to settings. • understands basic components of structured physical activities • exhibits physically active lifestyle • knows benefits from involvement • applies safety practices • develops self-management and social skills

44. However... • Each grade has many sub-areas...2-12 of them! • Sub-areas differ from grade to grade. • A teacher would have to plan carefully to teach all the TEKS!

45. Imagine just one area of Physical Education... • Rhythms! • Are there Rhythmical activities for Secondary School PE identified by the TEKS? • Yes!

46. For example:In the area of competency in fundamental movement patterns: • 6th grade: “uses locomotor skills in dynamic fitness, sport and rhythmic activities” • 7th & 8th grade mentions performing folk, country, & aerobic dances

47. Could archery be in the middle school PE curriculum? • Sure! • Many of the TEKs relate specifically to skills learned in archery. • The 7th and 8th grade movement concepts could really be taught using archery!

48. Could indoor soccer be in the middle school PE curriculum? • You bet. • All three grades stress modified activities. • 7th & 8th grade stress games involving invasion, targets, and fielding!

49. Who decides what units to teach in middle school PE? • Some school districts have prepared curriculum guides. • The teacher usually has the most control. • Adolescent needs dictate variety so that all can find success. • Balance between team, individual activities. • Health-related fitness is a must!

50. What about PE in the high schools? There are five specific semester-credit courses that may be taught. • Foundations of Personal Fitness (taken first) • Aerobic Activities • Adventure/Outdoor Education • Individual Sports • Team Sports