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Intelligence

Intelligence. You can’t see it- But you know it’s there!. What is intelligence?. Ability to understand complex ideas Ability to adapt to the environment Ability to learn from experience Reason (conclusions based on information). Types of Intelligence…. Crystalized Intelligence.

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Intelligence

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  1. Intelligence You can’t see it- But you know it’s there!

  2. What is intelligence? • Ability to understand complex ideas • Ability to adapt to the environment • Ability to learn from experience • Reason (conclusions based on information)

  3. Types of Intelligence….. Crystalized Intelligence Fluid Intelligence

  4. Intelligence Tests= Controversial • Not reliable prior to age 6 • After middle school- little change up to age 70 (except fluid intelligence which starts to decline by age 30) • Other decline: Drugs/alcohol Chronic illness Environmental factors • Importance of Reliability and Validity

  5. History of IQ tests….. • Alfred Binet • 1904 • Tried to identify “slow learners” • Original test adapted by Lewis Terman (Stanford University) in 1916. • Test became the Stanford-Binet

  6. Intelligence quotient (IQ)

  7. Sample Stanford-Binet Questions • 2 year-old: On a large paper doll; points out the hair, mouth, feet, ears, nose, hands and eyes • 2 Year-old: When shown a bridge built of 4 blocks; builds one like it • 3 Year-old: When shown a bridge built of 3 blocks; builds one like it • 3 Year-old: when shown a drawing of a circle, copies it correctly

  8. 4 Year-old: Fills in missing word when asked: “Brother is a boy; sister is a ____”, In daylight it is light; at night it is_____” • 4 Year-old: Answers correctly: why do we have houses? Why do we have books? • 5 Year-old: Define: ball, hat, stove • 5 Year-old: Copies a square correctly • 9 Year-old: Answers correctly when examiner says: “In an old graveyard in Spain they have discovered a small skull which they believe to be that of Christopher Columbus when he was about 10 years old. What is foolish about that?

  9. An adult: Can describe the difference between laziness and idleness, poverty and misery, character and reputation. • An adult: Answers correctly: which direction would you have to face so your right hand would be toward the north?

  10. Bell Curve for Intelligence

  11. Mental Retardation • IQ score below 70 & a significant impairment in basic skills. • 30-40% effected have no known cause • 50% have organic cause (birth injury, genetic abnormality, etc.) • Most commonly recognized: Down Syndrome • Savant Syndrome (retardation & “island of genius”. • Autism vs. Asperger Syndrome

  12. Gifted Children: even the name is controversial IQ over 140 Global, integrative mental capacity- giftedness is more than just academic achievement. Misconceptions: gifted are peculiar gifted are physically inferior more susceptible to mental illness

  13. Is it a Cheetah?

  14. Theory of Multiple Intelligence Howard Gardner

  15. Types of Intelligence…. • Logical-mathematical • Verbal-linguistic • Musical • Bodily-kinesthetic • Spatial • Interpersonal • Intrapersonal • Naturalist

  16. Is Intelligence genetic?What is the evidence? Case for Nature Case for Nurture “enriched” environment can improve school improvement (5) Increasing IQ scores around the world= The Flynn effect Milwaukee Project • Gene studies:Scarr • Identical twins reared apart

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