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Pure Substances/Mixtures & Acid/Bases

Pure Substances/Mixtures & Acid/Bases Benchmark SC.8.P.8.5  Recognize that there are a finite number of elements and that their atoms combine in a multitude of ways to produce compounds that make up all of the living and non-living things that we encounter ALSO ASSESSES:

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Pure Substances/Mixtures & Acid/Bases

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  1. Pure Substances/Mixtures & Acid/Bases Benchmark SC.8.P.8.5Recognize that there are a finite number of elements and that their atoms combine in a multitude of ways to produce compounds that make up all of the living and non-living things that we encounter ALSO ASSESSES: SC.8.P.8.9Differentiate between pure substances and mixtures (including solutions). SC.8.P.8.8Identify basic examples of and compare and classify the properties of compounds, including acids, bases, and salts. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: How can you differentiate between pure substances, mixtures, and solutions? What are the characteristics of acids, bases, and salts?

  2. Bellringer Susie wants to make lemonade on a hot summer day. She mixes lemon juice, water, and sugar in a large container. Which of the following happens as she combines the ingredients? • They mix together to form a new compound. • They mix together to form a homogenous solution. • The stirring motion causes them to break down into elements. • The heavier items will not completely dissolve, creating a suspension.

  3. I Do Guided Notes

  4. Pure Substance Pure Substances can be an element from the periodic table or two or more elements chemically bonded together.

  5. PS: Element These are chunks of all of the same type of atoms. You can easily identify elements because they are found on the periodic table.

  6. PS: Compounds = + When two or more DIFFERENT elements are combined chemically by being bonded. Compounds turn into a new substance with completely new properties. EX. Sodium is a silvery substance that will explode when placed in water. Chlorine is a green gas that will dissolve your lungs. When they bond, they form salt which is completely different. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ODf_sPexS2Q

  7. Mixtures: When two or more substances are combined physically (in the same place), but not chemically bonded together.

  8. HETEROgeneous Mixtures: • Two or more substances that are combined PHYSICALLY, but not chemically bonded.You get DIFFERENT amounts in each sample. • Example: • Chex Mix • Italian Dressing • Concrete

  9. HOMOgeneous Mixtures (Solutions) • When one substance is dissolved throughout another substance in equal amounts. You get the SAME amounts in each sample. • Example: • Coffee • Air • Sweet Tea

  10. Classifying Matter: Step 2: (Pure Substance) Is it made from one element from the periodic table or two or more elements that are bonded? Step 2: (Mixture) Will I get the same or different amounts of everything in each sample? Step #1: Is this substance chemically combined (bonded) or physically combined (in the same place)?

  11. Battery acid-0 Stomach acid-1 Citric Acid (lemon juice)-2 Vinegar-3 Acid Rain-4 Coffee-5 Saliva-6 Acids Substances from 0 (most acidic) to 6 (least acidic) on the pH scale. Sour taste. Reacts with metals

  12. Sea Water-8 Baking Powder-9 Milk of Magnesia-10 Ammonia-11 Soapy Water- 12 Bleach- 13 Drain Cleaner-14 Bases Substances from 8 (least basic) to 14 (most basic) on the pH scale. Bitter taste.

  13. Salts Salts (not table salt) result when an acid and a base neutralize each other (cancel each other out).

  14. We Do Collaborative Activity

  15. Bellringer Revisited: Susie wants to make lemonade on a hot summer day. She mixes lemon juice, water, and sugar in a large container. Which of the following happens as she combines the ingredients? • They mix together to form a new compound. • They mix together to form a homogenous solution.* • The stirring motion causes them to break down into elements. • The heavier items will not completely dissolve, creating a suspension.

  16. YOU DO TIME!

  17. You Do Question #1 Jimmy put some dirt and water into a jar, put the lid on, and then shook the jar. The contents of the jar turned brown. Jimmy set the jar on the table and checked back every 5 minutes for 20 minutes. The pictures show what Jimmy saw. Which of the following best explains what happened in the jar? The dirt and water combined to form new compounds. The water and dirt combined to form a heterogeneous mixture. The water dissolved some of the dirt particles, creating a solution. The dirt broke down into elements and settled in the jar according to density.

  18. You Do Question #2 Terry sees an old rusty swing set at the park. He knows that rust is formed when iron (Fe) combines with oxygen (O) in the atmosphere to form iron oxide (FeO). How would you classify iron oxide? compound element mixture solution

  19. You Do Question #3 Before today’s science class, Jose thought that salt was something that he uses to season his French fries. What is the scientific definition of “a salt”? when fat molecules are suspended in a solution the result when an acid and base are combined the particles that settle at the bottom of a solution when the pH of a solution is lower than 7 but higher than 3

  20. EXIT TICKET (Closing) How can you differentiate between pure substances, mixtures, and solutions?

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