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Bell-work How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the nature of the Civil War?

Bell-work How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the nature of the Civil War? . EQ: What decisive battles were fought? . Objective and Scales: . Students will be able to compare and contrast important Civil War battles including the battle of Gettysburg with 80% accuracy

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Bell-work How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the nature of the Civil War?

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  1. Bell-work How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the nature of the Civil War? EQ: What decisive battles were fought?

  2. Objective and Scales: • Students will be able to compare and contrast important Civil War battles including the battle of Gettysburg with 80% accuracy • Where does today’s objective fit into the unit learning goal scale? • Objective K and L • How do you reach mastery for objective K? • Page 126: Gettysburg Cornell

  3. Vocabulary and VIPS • Siege- an attempt to capture a place by surrounding it with military forces and cutting it off until the people inside surrender • William Tecumseh Sherman-famous Union Army commander who took Atlanta • Total war-all out attacks aimed at destroying an enemy’s army, its resources, and its people’s will to fight.

  4. 2. The Tide Turns • After the Union “victory” at Antietam in 1862 the war again began to go poorly for the Union • As before, the issue was poor leadership • When McClellan failed to pursue Lee’s beaten army, Lincoln replaced him with General Ambrose Burnside

  5. Hey Sideburns, you’re FIRED! 3. Confederate kicks Union tail • Burnside knew why McClellan was fired…he was too cautious • So Burnside decided on a bold move…..in December of 1862, he marched his army of 120,000 men directly toward Richmond • Conf. Robert E. Lee collected 75,000 men at Fredericksburg, Virginia to block them • Burnside pounded his troops against Lee, and the battle was costly for both sides. • It turned out to be a Confederate win, six weeks after the battle Burnside was removed as commander of the Army of the Potomac by Lincoln FAIL

  6. “May God have Mercy on Lee, for I will have NONE!” 4. Who’s next?! • Lincoln next turned to Joseph Hooker, nicknamed “Fighting Joe.” • Hooker bragged as he marched the Union army toward Richmond. • In May 1863, Hooker’s army smashed the Confederates at the Battle of Chancellorsville with DOUBLE a force • Another Confederate victory, but it cost them 13,460 • Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson is mortally wounded in battle and dies later • Considered the greatest of Lee’s victories FAIL

  7. 5. The Battle of Gettysburg • All the Confederate victories made Lee bolder • Lee wanted to move North again, thinking a victory on Union soil could end the war • In June of 1863, he marched his troops into Maryland and then Pennsylvania • The Union army (now commanded by Robert Meade) pursued them • July 1st, Confederate soldiers approached Gettysburg • They stumble upon part of Meade’s army • Shots were exchanged and more joined in, by evening the Confederates had pushed the Union forces back through Gettysburg

  8. 5. The Battle of Gettysburg • July 2nd, more than 85k Union soldiers faced some 75k Confederates • The center of the Union army was on a hill called Cemetery Ridge • The center of the Confed. army was a mile away on Seminary Ridge • Fighting between the armies raged into the next day • On the afternoon of July 3rd, Lee ordered an all-out attack on the center of the Union line. Gen. George Pickett (this is nuts!)would lead it with 15k soldiers • As they advanced, Union artillery rained down on them and only a few hundred reached Union lines • They were driven back, about 7,500 Confederates were killed in what is known as Pickett’s Charge

  9. “It’s all my fault…It is I who have lost this fight…” 6. Results of Gettysburg • Lee lost 28,000 in the three-day long battle • Union lost more than 23,000 • Lee had lost nearly a 1/3 or his troops for the second time • Deadliest American battle • Union Gen. Grant lays siege on Vicksburg (last Conf. city on the Miss. R.) and drives them out after 6 weeks • July 1863, was a major turning point in the war…Union now had the upper hand!!! • Gettysburg Address!!

  10. Summary and Progress Chart • Explain how the Union turned the tide of war after many losses. What decisive battles gave them the upper hand. • Complete progress chart for K and L

  11. Bell-work 4/30/13 EQ: What did Lincoln’s address say? Some abolitionists complained that the Emancipation Proclamation did not apply to all states. Based on the map, what do you think were Lincoln’s motives in limiting the reach of the Emancipation Proclamation?

  12. Objective and Scales: • Students will be able to evaluate the larger meaning of the Gettysburg address and the underlying ideas as well as the conclusion of the war with 80% accuracy. • Where does today’s objective fit into the unit learning goal scale? • Objective M and N • How do you reach mastery for M and N? • Continue notes on page 126

  13. 8. Gettysburg address “…that we here highly resolve these dead shall not have died in vain; that the nation, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people by the people for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” • In November of 1863, about 15k people gathered on the battlefield at Gettysburg to honor the soldiers who died there • In the Gettysburg address Lincoln looked ahead to a final Union victory • Given during the dedication of the cemetery for fallen Union soldiers

  14. 9. Closing in on the South “Find out what Grant drinks and send a barrel of it to each of my other generals!” • In Ulysses S. Grant, Lincoln found the kind of commander he had long sought (He got stuff done!) • In 1864, Grant was given command of the ENTIRE Union Army • Grant decided to attack Richmond (5th time) no matter how many soldiers it cost him • Grant’s huge army hammered at the Confederates in a series of battles in northern Virginia in the spring of 1864 • Grant was unable to break through Lee’s troops, but Grant would NOT retreat…he instead continued to attack • **Historical Gossip: During the Civil War, on hearing complaints that Gen. Ulysses S. Grant drank alcohol to excess Lincoln responded

  15. 9. Closing in on the South “We are not only fighting hostile armies, but hostile people, and must make young and old, rich and poor , feel the hard hand of war!” • After 7 weeks of fighting, Grant lost about 55k men, Confederates 35k. • Grant had a steady supply of supplies and troops, Lee DID NOT. • Both armies clashed at Petersburg, an important RR center south of Richmond • There Grant began another siege and at the same time William Tecumseh Sherman advanced toward Atlanta • Like Grant, Sherman was a tough soldier and believed in total war

  16. 10. March to the Sea • The South could not stop Sherman’s advance • Union Army marched into Atlanta, GA on September 2nd, 1864 • The capture of Atlanta gave Lincoln a boost for his reelection in the election of 1864 (McClellan ran against him…ha!) • After Atlanta’s fall morale in the North was high • Later in November, Sherman ordered Atlanta be burned. • He then marched up the Atlantic Ocean…along the way engaging total war, setting fires, seizing crops and livestock, and pulling up Southern railroad tracks • He left a path of destruction up to 60 miles wide up the coast

  17. 11. The war’s end • In March of 1865, Grant’s army still waited outside Petersburg…Lee knew it was only a matter of time before Grant captured the city • Lincoln too finally saw that the end was near, in his second inaugural address he asked americans to forgive and forget • On April 2nd, Grant’s troops finally broke through Conf. lines…by evening Richmond was in Union hands • Lee’s army retreated to the town of Appomattox Court House • There Lee surrendered on April 9th, 1865

  18. 11. The war’s end • The terms of the surrender said the Conf. had to surrender their weapons and leave in peace • As Lee rode off, some Union troops started to celebrate and Grant silenced them…. • He said, “The war is over…they rebels are our countrymen again.” • Overall 260,000 Confederate soldiers were killed and over 360,000 Union dead including 37,000 A.A • The war had two key results: It reunited the nation and put an end to slavery

  19. Progress Chart and Summary • What made Lee finally surrender…and how did Sherman show the hard hand of war • Complete progress chart for M and N

  20. Bell-work 5/1/13 According to these graphs, what effect did the Civil War have on the North and the South?

  21. Objective and Scales • Students will be able to describe the effects of the war and Florida's contribution to the Confederate War Effort with 80% accuracy. (Florida Special Topic) • Where does today’s objective fit into the unit learning goal scale? • O and P • How do you reach Mastery for O and P?

  22. Florida and the Civil War • Page 572-Florida special topic • We: Read • We: Discuss Florida’s role in the Confederate war effort • You: Summarize (2 paragraphs) Florida’s role in the Civil War • You: Complete progress chart in full!

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