Bell Work: Finish defining the vocabulary from yesterday.

1. Bell Work: Finish defining the vocabulary from yesterday. • acquittal • cross-examine • litigant • Testify • Appeal • Defendant • Subpoena • venue 9. prosecute 10. testimony 11. contempt 12. evidence 13. solicitor 14. verdict 15. convict 16. jury

2. Background information 1930’s

3. 1930: First computer invented

4. 1930: Famous Births • Neil Armstrong • Sean Connery • Clint Eastwood • Sandra Day O’Connor • Ross Perot

5. The Great Depression: 21 million people unemployed. As a result, suicide rates soared and the US expelled 400,000 foreign citizens. 1930: Story of the Year

6. 1931: Some inventions

7. 1931: Famous Births • Dan Rather • Barbara Walters • James Dean • Toni Morrison

8. Scottsboro Boys Trial: Two white girls accused nine black boys of raping them on a train. Despite the lack of evidence, the boys were convicted. 1931: Story of the Year

9. 1932: Inventions

10. 1932: Famous Births • Sylvia Plath • Elizabeth Taylor • John Updike

11. Herbert Hoover sends troops to remove jobless war veterans. The vets wanted money that was promised to them but they did not receive it. As a results, Hoover was not re-elected into office. Franklin Delano Roosevelt won the election. 1932: Story of the Year

12. 1933: Inventions

13. 1933: Famous Births • James Brown • Willie Nelson • Roman Polanski

14. The first 100 days of his Presidency, Roosevelt put forth laws and formed organizations to allow for Labor reform. This eventually helped the US end the Great Depression. 1933: Story of the Year

15. The Great Depression

16. 1929-1939 • Stock market crash • Didn’t realize the effect it would have • No money to replenish what was borrowed Many found being broke humiliating.

17. The Roaring 20’s • The new concept of “credit” • People were buying: • Automobiles • Appliances • Clothes • Fun times reigned • Dancing • Flappers • Drinking

18. Why was this bad? • Credit system • People didn’t really have the money they were spending • WWI • The U.S. was a major credit loaner to other nations in need • Many of these nations could not pay us back

19. The Stock Market • People bought stocks on margins • If a stock is $100 you can pay $10 now and the rest later when the stock rose • Stocks fall • Now the person has less than $100 and no money to pay back

20. And then…. • With people panicking about their money investors tried to sell their stocks • This leads to a huge decline in stocks • Stocks were worthless now • People who bought on “margins” now could not pay • Investors were average people that were now broke

21. President Hoover • Herbert Hoover was president at the start • Philosophy: We’ll make it! • What He Did: Nothing • The poor were looking for help and no ideas on how to correct or help were coming

22. What about the people? • Farmers were already feeling the effects • Prices of crops went down • Many farms foreclosed • People could not afford luxuries • Factories shut down • Businesses went out • Banks could not pay out money • People could not pay their taxes • Schools shut down due to lack of funds • Many families became homeless and had to live in shanties

24. Many waited in unemployment lines hoping for a job.

25. People in cities would wait in line for bread to bring to their family.

26. Some families were forced to relocate because they had no money.

27. “Hooverville” • Some families were forced to live in shanty towns • A grouping of shacks and tents in vacant lots • They were referred to as “Hooverville” because of President Hoover’s lack of help during the depression.

28. Hooverville

29. Out of the Dust: The South and the Dust Bowl

30. A drought in the South lead to dust storms that destroyed crops. “The Dust Bowl”

31. Crops turned to dust=No food to be sent out • Homes buried • Fields blown away • South in state of emergency • Dust Bowl the #1 weather crisis of the 20th century The South Was Buried

33. Two Families During the Depression

34. A Farm Foreclosure

35. Some families tried to make money by selling useful crafts like baskets.

36. *FDR* • When he was inaugurated unemployment had increased by 7 million. • Poor sections (like Harlem) had 50% of the pop. unemployed • Instated the “New Deal” • Yea! Frankie!

37. People everywhere were effected by the depression • It wasn’t till President Roosevelt took over and tried to put the economy back together that people even saw a glimmer of hope

38. To Kill a Mockingbird

39. Jim Crow Laws • Scottsboro Trials • Recovering from the Great Depression • Racial Injustice • Poor South Major Historical Happenings...

40. Jim Crow Laws • After the American Civil War most states in the South passed anti-African American legislation. These became known as Jim Crow laws. • These laws included segregation in… • Schools -- Hospitals • Theaters -- Water fountains • Restaurants • Hotels • Public transportation • Some states forbid inter-racial marriages

41. These laws were instituted in 1896 and were not abolished till the late 1950’s (even then still not completely).

42. Scottsboro Boys Trial • 9 young African-American men (12-20) accused of raping 2 white girls in 1931 • Immediately sentenced to death • Trials went on for nearly 15 years before all the men were dismissed

43. Started on a train bound for Memphis • Several white men boarded and picked a fight with the black men • Whites were forced off train by the 12 black men. The white men reported the the black men had raped two white girls on the train to authorities • They were immediately arrested and tried in front of an all-white jury.

44. The trials caused a huge uproar amongst the black community.

45. Harper Lee AKA: Nelle Harper Lee

46. Wrote To Kill a Mockingbird in 1960 • TKAM was the only novel she ever wrote • Based the story on her life growing up in Monroeville, Alabama

47. How to Take Notes In your Novel- highlighting

48. KEYS: Don’t highlight whole paragraphs- only small sections/words Write notes in the margin to remind you why you highlighted it Use the inside covers for longer notes

49. CharactersDescriptionsExamples of Indirect and Direct Characterization

50. Essential Questions/Themes/Golden LinesHighlight quotes that stand out to you!