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The Professionalization of Home Aides/ Assistants: The Role of Credentialing Presentation for State HRSA Awardees June 13, 2011. What is Knapp?. Established in 1989 Consultancy devoted exclusively to serving the professional and occupational certification industry
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The Professionalization of Home Aides/ Assistants:The Role of Credentialing Presentation for State HRSA AwardeesJune 13, 2011
What is Knapp? • Established in 1989 • Consultancy devoted exclusively to serving the professional and occupational certification industry • Consultants include management experts, psychometricians and test development specialists, each with at least 15 years experience in the certification industry • Knapp consultants have been selected to serve as auditors for national and international certification accreditation programs
Industries/Professions served K&AI has worked with over 100 organizations, agencies and corporations in the fields of: Retail Construction Financial services Travel Business management Utilities Information technology Scientific and technical Medicine and healthcare Culinary arts and foodservice
Some Knapp clients • American Board of Pain Medicine • American College of Healthcare Executives • American Nurses Credentialing Center • American Pharmacists Association • American Red Cross • Associated General Contractors of America • Institute for Supply Management • National Cancer Registrars Association • National Retail Federation
What we will be discussing • Credentialing concepts and how certification relates to these concepts • Standards and accreditation and their importance to your work • Quality benchmarks for assessments • Options for developing and delivering assessments
Checklist How many of you: • Have courses in places? • Have a written assessment? • Have a performance assessment? • Have a certification? • Have a program evaluation plan?
What are the HRSA certification and assessment requirements? • To develop and implement written materials and protocols for core training competencies to include the development of certificationtests for individuals completing these competencies • The tests must include written and skills demonstration components
What is credentialing? • Licensure • Certifications • Certificates • Accreditation • Diplomas/Degrees
What is credentialing? • Licensure is the mandatory process by which a governmental agency grants time-limited permission to an individual to engage in a given occupation after verifying that he/she has met predetermined and standardized criteria, and offers title protection for those who meet the criteria. (The NOCA Guide to Understanding Credentialing Concepts)
What is credentialing? • Certification is the voluntary process by which a non-governmental entity grants a time-limited recognition and use of a credential to an individual after verifying that he or she has met predetermined and standardized criteria. It is the vehicle that a profession or occupation uses to differentiate among its members, using standards, sometimes developed through a consensus driven process, based on existing legal and psychometric requirements. • The holder of a professional certification has a designation and is called a certificant. (The NOCA Guide to Understanding Credentialing Concepts)
What is credentialing? • Certification means a process by which an agency or organization validates, based on predetermined standards, an individual’s qualifications and knowledge for practice in a defined functional or clinical area. (HRSA Funding Opportunity and Announcement June 2010)
What is credentialing? • Anassessment-based certificate is issued after an individual completes a course or series of courses and passes an assessment instrument. The content of the assessment is limited to the course content and therefore may not be completely representative of professional practice (and therefore it is not as defensible to use this or the certificate program described below for regulatory purposes as compared to a professional certification). (The NOCA Guide to Understanding Credentialing Concepts)
What is credentialing? • Acertificate program is a training program on a topic for which participants receive a certificate after attendance and/or completion of the coursework. Similar to CE credits. • One who completes a certificate program receives a certificate of attendance and is known as a certificate holder. A credential is NOT granted at the completion of a certificate program. (The NOCA Guide to Understanding Credentialing Concepts)
What is a standard? • Document established by consensus and approved by recognized body that provides for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results aimed at achieving the optimum degree of order…” (ISO/IEC Guide 2) • Sometimes called criteria, best practices, quality benchmarks
Who recognizes standards? • Regulators and Third Party Payers Public protection and assurance of quality • Consumers Credibility, confidence, protection, assurance • Professions Service to profession and industry, promotes status and credibility, resolves scope of work issues
What standards ensure credential quality? Broad National and International Standards • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) • National Commission for Certification Agencies (NCCA)
What standards ensure credential quality? Standards for Specific Professions • American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) • American Board of Nursing Specialties (ABNS) • Council of Engineering and Scientific Boards (CESB) Other • Association of Test Publishers • Joint Technical Standards of the American Psychological Association and the National Council for Measurement in Education
What is accreditation? • A voluntary process by which a nongovernmental agency grants a time-limited recognition to an institution, organization, business, program or other entity after it has met predetermined and standardized criteria (The NOCA Guide to Understanding Credentialing Concepts)
Why is accreditation important? • Regulators, Federal, State and Local, as well as third party payers, increasingly require that credentials meet standards and are accredited • Differentiates program from those that are similar but not of the same quality • Increases accountability to stakeholders • Provides process for continuous improvement
What are the technical benchmarks for quality credentials? • Validation of content - Why is content important and how is it related to competence on the job? • Development of assessment specifications - How should we measure what was learned? • Documentation of linkage of assessment(s) to learning objectives - What are the critical learning objectives to be measured? • Assessment built and scored by experts - What are the qualifications of the experts; how have they contributed to the process?
What are the technical benchmarks for quality credentials? • Reliability of assessment – Over time, can we count on the accuracy and consistency of the scores? • Passing score set according to standards - Is the passing score fair and legally defensible? • Acceptable delivery methods - Is the delivery of the assessments secure and standardized? Are the tests delivered in the proper environment with guidelines that ensure security, fairness, reliability?
What are costs and timeline for developing quality programs? • Validation process for written-$25-35,000, 6 months • Creation of a curriculum and courses-???? • Test development for a written test, passing score study-$35-40,000, 8-9 months • Validation process for performance test- $25-35,000, 6 months • Test development for a performance test-$50 -100,000 depending on the number of skills and tasks being assessed, 9-12 months • Scoring of performance test-$15-30,000 --
How can the State HRSA projects ensure quality services to public? • Standardize training across the state for skills and knowledge needed to perform competently • Use reliable and valid measures of mastery of knowledge needed to perform competently • Make certain that the credential can meet technical standards
How can the States and their HRSA projects ensure quality services to public? • Use the most cost effective means of credentialing...for employers, employees and regulating agencies • Build a program that is sustainable and have a business case as its foundation • Market program to employers, employees, consumers • Be vigilant in your concern about liability, vulnerability, consistency, comparability and most of all, fairness to potential certificants
Remember … Stakeholders want credentials that are credible, relevant and ensure public protection.