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Earth's Major Biomes: An Overview of Global Land-Based Communities

Explore the six major biomes on Earth, which are land-based global communities of organisms. Discover the characteristics, climate, and dominant plant species of tropical rainforests, grasslands, deserts, temperate forests, taiga, and tundra. Learn about minor biomes like chaparral and the unique features of polar ice caps and mountain ecosystems.

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Earth's Major Biomes: An Overview of Global Land-Based Communities

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Biomes are land-based, global communities of organisms.

  2. Earth has six major biomes. • A biome is a major community of organisms.

  3. Source: World Meteorological Organization • Tropical rain forest biomes produce lush forests. • warm temperature • abundant precipitation all year

  4. Rapid City, South Dakota Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration • Grassland biomes are where the primary plant life is grass.

  5. Grassland biomes are where the primary plant life is grass. • Temperate grasslands are dry and warm during the summer; most precipitation falls as snow. • Tropical grasslands are warm through the year, with definite dry and rainy seasons.

  6. Tucson, Arizona Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration • Desert biomes are characterized by a very arid climate. • very low amount of precipitation • four types: hot, semi-arid, coastal, and cold

  7. Burlington, Vermont Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration • Temperate forest biomes include deciduous forests and rain forests. • Temperate deciduous forests have hot summers and cold winters. • Deciduous trees are the dominant plant species.

  8. Temperate forest biomes include deciduous forests and rain forests. • Deciduous trees are the dominant plant species. • The temperate rain forests have a long wet season and relatively dry summer. • Temperate deciduous forests have hot summers and cold winters. • Ferns and moss cover the forest floor. 

  9. Banff, Canada Source: Environment Canada • The taiga biome is located in cooler northern climates. • boreal forest • long winters and short summers • small amount of precipitation

  10. Barrow, Alaska Source: National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration • The tundra biome is found in the far northern latitudes with long winters. • winter lasts 10 months • limited precipitation • permafrost

  11. Minor biomes, such as chaparral, occur globally on a smaller scale.

  12. Polar ice caps and mountains are not considered biomes. • Polar ice caps have no soil, therefore no plant community. • The climate and organisms found on mountains change as the elevation changes.

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