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The Great Depression

Explore arguments for and against the New Deal during the Great Depression. Discover how FDR guided the nation, ended the banking crisis, and provided jobs for millions of people, while also examining concerns about government overreach, excessive spending, and its failure to fully end the Depression.

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The Great Depression

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  1. The Great Depression Section 2

  2. Was the New Deal helpful? • Arguments against it: -didn’t do enough (Share our wealth) -government was too powerful -FDR was a dictator -was unconstitutional -government was spending more than it took in -did not end the Depression

  3. Helpful? (cont’d) • Arguments for the New Deal: -FDR guided the nation during the worst days of the Depression -ended the banking crisis -found jobs for millions of people -preserved democracy

  4. The New Deal • In the election of 1932, frustrated Americans chose Franklin D. Roosevelt as the next president • Promised a “new deal for the American people” and that the nation “asks for action and action now”.

  5. The Hundred Days • Refers to the first hundred days Roosevelt was in office • Declared a bank holiday, closing every bank in the country for 8 days • Emergency Banking Relief Act- only the banks with enough funds could reopen • Fireside chats- radio addresses given by Roosevelt to help reassure the American people

  6. The Hundred Days (Cont’d) • The bank act was part of a series of new laws passed in the Hundred Days • Relief from unemployment, recovery planning, and reforming the country to prevent future economic crisis

  7. Relief Programs • CCC-Civilian Conservation Corps; hired unemployed single men to develop parks, build bridges, plant trees etc. for $1 a day. • FERA-Federal Emergency Relief Administration; gave federal money to state and local agencies to give to the unemployed

  8. Programs (Cont’d) • WPA-Works Progress Administration; put jobless to work building hospitals, schools, and other public facilities • Hired artists and writers to paint murals and write plays as well as record history

  9. Promoting Recovery • NIRA-National Industrial Recovery Act; tried to end price cutting and worker layoffs • NRA-National Recovery (not rifle) Administration; worked to enforce the new programs (blue eagle sticker)

  10. Farmers • Overproduction was still a major problem • Surplus-when there is more product than there is a demand for • AAA-Agricultural Adjustment Act; paid farmers NOT to grow certain crops and get rid of extra crops and livestock

  11. Tennessee Valley Authority • Tried to remake the Tennessee River Valley which had been destroyed by floods • Farmland was very poor; half the families in the area were on relief • Built dams (flood control and electric power), planted new forests and tried to improve the area farmland

  12. Long Term Reforms • Speculation- high risk buying and selling of stocks to make a quick profit • FDIC-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; insured savings accounts in approved banks. If an FDIC bank failed, the government would repay the money to the depositor

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