Site Waste Management Plans: Advanced Workshops

1. Site Waste Management Plans: Advanced Workshops 2007

2. Welcome

3. Housekeeping • Arrangements and agenda • Fire safety • Bathrooms • Mobile phones

4. Agenda • Introduction • Standard, good and best practice • Exercise • Design • Coffee • Onsite operations • Exercise • Industry speaker • Lunch • Embedding SWMPs • Exercise • Questions and answers • Summary • Close

5. WRAP works in partnership to: • encourage and enable businesses and consumers to be more efficient in their use of materials and recycle things more often • this helps to minimise landfill, reduce carbon emissions and improve our environment

6. Why construction? Overall material consumption by construction industry (>400 Mt per year) Quantity of construction and demolition waste generated (~120 Mt per year UK) M tonnes Waste construction materials that are recycled / reused (~60 Mt per year)

8. WRAP in Construction • Waste minimisation and management • Materials recycling • Procurement

9. Construction ProgrammeHeadline Targets 2006 – 08 • Tonnage: 1.7m tonnes of material diverted from landfill or avoided from being extracted from primary resources • Value: £10bn value of construction projects where requirements are set for waste minimisation, recycling and recycled content • Savings: £50m saving to the construction sector from minimising site waste and recycling more waste

10. R & D product development • Capital investment in segregation and reprocessing • Business finance and support • Recycling schemes • Site waste management • Client and policy requirements • Technical advice • Tools and guidance

11. SWMP Advanced Workshops • Aims • Assumptions of knowledge • Role of workshops and Personal Action Plans

12. SWMP events 2006 - 2007 Joint events with WRAP in early 2006 Recent events in early 2007 Aimed to raise awareness and introduce SWMPs

13. You, the audience… • Are aware of what a SWMP is • Are already using SWMPs in some form • Want to identify how you can gain the potential benefits from the use of SWMPs in your projects

14. Using SWMPs to improve materials resource efficiency so you can: • Demonstrate Good and Best practice • Use SWMPs at the design stage - driving waste minimisation throughout a project • Identify how SWMPs can link with other tools • Demonstrate continual improvement in on site operations through the use of SWMPs • Embed SWMPs within procedures and operations

15. SWMP Consultation • Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 • Defra has developed proposals for compulsory site waste management plans in England.  (A similar consultation is expected in Wales later in the year.) • http://www.defra.gov.uk/corporate/consult/construction-sitewaste/index.htm • The closing date for responses is 9 July 2007

16. Personal Action Plans • Dual role - plan for you to act on - WRAP to identify industry needs • Time after each section and workshop • Collected at the end of the day • Confidential

17. Site Waste Management Plans; Standard, good and best practice Manchester, 1st May 2007

18. Murray Reid/Rubina Greenwood C4S

19. Overview • Recap on Site Waste Management Plans • Standard, Good and Best Practice • Conclusions • Personal Action Plan

20. Site Waste Management Plans • Originally a voluntary Code of Practice (DTI, 2004) • Now to be regulated in England and Wales: aimed at projects over £250,000 • Projects <£250,000 – a SWMP not required • Projects £250,000 - £500,000 – a basic SWMP is required • Projects over £500,000 – a detailed SWMP is required • Introduction in April 2008 • Moved from October 2007 due to a delay in consultation process • Consultation on draft Regulations April to July 2007 • Mandatory under Code for Sustainable Homes

21. Benefits of Site Waste Management Plans • Benefits to industry • Demonstrate Corporate Social Responsibility; • Reduce disposal costs by promoting recycling and waste minimisation; • Reduce material costs by efficient design and reduced wastage on site; • Demonstrate how waste costs and risks are managed; and • Meet the requirements of quality and environmental management systems. Benefits to society and the environment • Less fly tipping and a better overall local environmental quality; • Well-managed sites are better for the local community; and • Reduced dependence on landfill.

22. Standard, Good and Best Practice • Standard Practice • Achieving minimum standards and compliance with legislation • Brief description of waste types and disposal routes • Waste generation not considered, no monitoring Good Practice • Going beyond minimum standards and compliance • Segregation, recycling and reuse of materials • Some monitoring, cost savings, improved practices Best Practice • A model approach or strategy • Consideration of waste reduction at design stage • Targets and detailed monitoring, significant cost savings

23. Matrix for Standard, Good and Best Practice: Key

24. Responsibilities and Contracts

25. Greenwich Millennium Village • Joint venture by Countryside Properties, Taylor Woodrow and English Partnerships • Measures • Waste champion appointed with support from the project director • Waste minimisation made contractually binding through the use of specific contract clauses • Responsibility for specific wastes pinpointed • Whole supply chain engaged in waste minimisation • Results • Waste reduction target of 50% from baseline of 50m3 per dwelling • Phase 1a achieved 23.4m3 per dwelling • Phase 2a achieved 20.5m3 per dwelling

26. Arisings, Reuse and Recycling

27. Langley Park, Beckenham • Large housing development by Laing Homes • Measures • Different waste streams segregated • Material from demolition re-used • Efficient storage of re-usable products, e.g. timber pallets • Results • Recovery of 500,000 roofing tiles from demolished buildings for re-use • Re-use of 40,000 tonnes of demolition spoil as sub-base • Total cost savings of £525,000 (3.5% of project costs)

28. Site Design and Training

29. Stanhope Gate, London • Six-storey office rebuild by Try Construction • No space outside the new building footprint • Measures • Just-in-time deliveries • Procedures to reduce late variations • Waste minimisation included in an introductory site booklet • Site posters with the slogan ‘No space for waste’ • Bad practice corrected by trade contractors • Results • Wastage rates for bricks of 4% (industry norm 5 – 8%) • Wastage rates for blocks of 5% (industry norm of 10%)

30. Monitoring and Targets

31. Pegasus Court, Oxford • Social housing project by Oxford City Council, the Housing Corporation & Ealing Family Housing Association • Main contractor Wilmott Dixon Housing Ltd • Waste audit and minimisation scheme by BRE • Measures • Waste auditing using BRE’s SMARTWaste tool • Opportunities to reduce waste on on-site identified • Results • Average wastage rate was 5% (industry norm 5 – 10%) • Costs for materials wasted on-site reduced from over £1,400 per unit built to £700 per unit built

32. Conclusions • Site Waste Management Plans provide a good opportunity to streamline site activities, make cost savings and demonstrate improvements in their environmental performance • Implementation of SWMPs can lower a project’s bottom line through cost savings obtained by: • Reduced requirement for materials through more efficient design and use of recycled materials • The sale of segregated materials as recyclate • Reduced costs of disposal to landfill • Less deterioration of new materials through effective storage • Use concept of standard, good and best practice to improve performance; move from red to green

33. Personal Action Plan • It is not possible to implement the measures for good and best practice on all sites because of constraints on time, space and resources • Most sites are still at the standard level • By adopting a positive attitude, significant improvements can be made on almost all sites • What level do you consider your company/site is at now? • Where would you like to be? • What do you need to do to get there?

34. Exercise 1: standard, good and best practice in SWMPS Manchester, 1st May 2007

35. Murray Reid/Rubina Greenwood C4S

36. Exercise scenario • New health centre on urban brownfield site • You will be given one of three SWMPs for the site: A, B or C • List details on the answer sheet on the table • Compare with the colour-coded matrix of standard, good and best practice • What level does your SWMP represent? • How could it be improved? • The SWMPs will be compared in the feedback session

38. SWMP as a Design Tool Manchester, 1st May 2007

39. Murray Reid/Rubina Greenwood C4S

40. Overview • Who needs to be involved • Introduction of SWMP in the project • Case studies • SWMP as a feedback tool for designer • Other tools and resources for sustainable design • SWMP as a design tool – link to Action Plan

41. Who needs to be involved? (1) • Survey of top 100 architects and contractors in UK • 92% of architects did not conduct a feasibility study of waste estimation; • Over 80% rarely utilised waste reduction strategies during appraisal, strategic briefing and outline proposal stages; • Only 47.5% frequently implemented waste reduction strategies during final proposals stage; and • Waste seen as an issue for the contractor. • Designers need to be made aware of the importance of early stage decisions on waste minimisation • Waste is not just an issue for the contractor

42. Who needs to be involved? (2) Client • Specific responsibilities under draft SWMP Regulations • Introducing SWMP as part of contractual arrangements • Choosing an experienced project team in terms of their environmental expertise • Setting waste management targets for project team Designer/Architect • Working closely with clients and contractors to consider SWMPs as a tool for design decisions Contractors • Specific responsibilities under draft SWMP Regulations • Involvement at an early stage will provide information on types and sources of waste streams

43. Introduction of SWMP in the Project Pre design stages SWMP needs to be part of the project planning process. (e.g. sustainability checklist for RDA’s require resource efficiency at all stages of project) Design stages Design of the building is a significant influence on waste production during construction. Use of SWMP will encourage designers to reduce waste at source. Construction stages SWMP needs to be implemented on site at all levels of construction. Use of SWMP needs to be communicated effectively and, if necessary, training should be provided to all site staff.

44. Pre design stages • Allocate project time and resources to implement SWMP • Develop a ‘partnership’ way of working among the project team • Use tender clauses to introduce SWMP to suppliers and sub- contractors • Set up project goals for efficient use of materials • Identify the type of materials and construction systems to establish the type and estimated quantities of waste arising • Establish the appropriate construction approach - refurbishment or demolition? TIP: Introduce long term partnerships along the supply chain to encourage standardisation

45. Design stages – Building form • Consider building form and shape to reduce the use of building materials • Sizing of building and spaces to eliminate unnecessary elements (i.e. clean and simplistic design) • Compatibility between market supply and design specifications e.g. avoid plaster board waste generated as off-cuts Source : Cutting Building Forms Energy Source Builder 1994

46. Design stages – Dismantling • Whole life approach to a proposed facility, i.e. flexibility in design for future building expansion and alterations • Flexibility in design for dismantling (e.g. BRE Building – Source Information Paper 3/97) • Design of appropriate connections (e.g. use of indirect connectors – source SEDA Guide) Plan section of a direct connector for wooden panels. Source: SEDA (2006) Plan section of a indirect connector for wooden panels Source: SEDA(2006)

47. Design stages – Demolition • Minimising waste produced during construction and demolition (e.g. Avoid design where temporary work is required) • Develop demolition plan early on to avoid disposal of reusable materials and building elements. • Maximise the use of reclaimed materials on site (e.g. crushed rubble) • Careful access design for future refurbishment or demolition activities (Refer Sustainable Housing Design 2000) TIP: Incorporate SWMPs at an early stage of the project to consider recycling and reclamation facilities for specified materials

48. Design stages – Specifications • Avoid over specification and composite material specifications • Minimise variations in components and joints • Evaluating the reuse and recycling opportunities for the specified materials before specifying in the design • Compatibility between design and material supply TIP: Dry Jointing techniques in preference to chemical jointing or standard sizes for precast concrete cladding (source TRADA)

49. SWMP Case Study 1: Victoria Wharf, Cardiff • Cementitious waste reduced by choice of steel frame • Cementitious waste reduced by use of dry lining • Ceiling heights designed to correspond with board heights • Block work has been minimised • Re-use of fill material / recycled fill • Design of roof reduces need for guttering • Contractor: Taylor Woodrow Construction

50. SWMP Case Study 2: St John’s Church, Swansea • A waste management plan was produced • A modular design approach – this means prefabricated box shaped elements were inserted in an existing building envelope • Stone from outside the building was reclaimed and reused in the building façade and compound wall. • Architectural elements, e.g. windows and original floor boards, were reclaimed and reused on site • Client: Gwalia Housing Association, Architect: PCKO; Contractor: Jistcourt Ltd