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Progress Report on Chipless RFID Applications SARcode™ Development By InkSure Technologies. 1. InkSure Technologies.
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Progress Report on Chipless RFID Applications SARcode™ Development By InkSure Technologies 1
InkSure Technologies • Provider of covert, machine readable security solutions (“CMRT”) to definitively and quickly identify genuine branded products and documents for protection against counterfeiting • Our expertise in spectral detection of covert marks enables InkSure to provide the most advanced readers in the authentication industry • Over 5 years of commercial sales • Billions of consumer products protected with InkSure technology • Product and Image Security (“PISEC”) award winner: 2000, 2003, 2006 • Member Document Security Alliance (“DSA”), North America Security Products Organization (“NASPO”), Product and Image Security Foundation • U.S. public corporation (INKS.OB) • Corporate Headquarters in Fort Lauderdale, FL; Global R&D Center at the Science Park in Rehovot, Israel
InkSure RF • Three patents granted and three additional applications pending. • Highly skilled and dedicated R&D team with expertise in: • Leading mathematical algorithm research • Experts in radar methods, RF and RFID technologies • Advanced Chemistry Research • Advanced optical/spectral research • Recipient of 2007 Frost & Sullivan Product Innovation Award –Chipless Tag Market, Asia Pacific • Proof of concept successfully demonstrated publicly at IDTechEx’s RFID Smart Labels USA 2006 conference in Boston, March 2006 • Beginning initial field testing, with commercial launch expected by end of 2008
What is Chipless RFID? • A “Read-Only” system (no chip, no memory) • Bits of data based on a new printed symbology • Potential to produce the lowest cost RFID tag • Capabilities for printing directly and covertly on products or packaging • Frequencies above UHFThe RFID Connection • Ability to read without line-of-sight at any angle. i.e. through packaging • Ability to read at extended distances • Ability to read multiple tags with anti-collision 4
Tag Price ComparisonsSource: IDTechEX Chipless Chip Range1m(3.3ft) 32¢ Tag price* 10¢ 10-20¢ Range0.1m (3.9in) 4¢ Target to sell trillions a year 2¢ Sub-Cent Anti-theft 1 bit ID 96 bits More Data k bit *When bought in millions
SARcode™Development Vision Develop a low-cost Chipless RFID tag Printed directlyand covertly on products or packaging RFID tag price: under one cent Major advantages over barcodes or chip based RFID: Easily Detectable: Does not require line-of-sight Lower Cost: Requires less ink than printed RFID antennas and no silicon chip; does not take costly package space and improves package aesthetics Efficient: Enables detection of multiple codes simultaneously and remotely Higher coding ability:Codes a significantly higher amount of information than standard bar-codes, enabling EPC encoding Anti-counterfeiting solution:Easilyintegrated 96 bit coding Remotely detectable 12 digit/~40 bit Require contact reading 6
How to get there… • Take Advantage of Diffraction • Create a New Symbology: “SARcode” • Utilize Radar-Based Imaging Principles • Develop a New Portfolio of SARcode Readers • Integrate Existing Printing Processes with SARcode Software
Understanding the Diffraction Phenomena • The existence of diffraction has limited the extent to which symbols or images (such as barcodes) can be compressed. • Diffraction is the bending, spreading and interference of waves when they pass by an obstruction or through a gap. When a bar code symbol is placed too near another symbol, its waves interfere with those of its neighbour (diffraction) and vice versa, making it impossible to accurately read either bar. • This limitation has restricted the density with which symbol-based codes can be printed, and therefore the minimum size required for machine-readable codes. By extension, this has also limited the number of digits which can be used, for example, in barcodes.
Taking Advantage of Diffraction • Current technologies do not take into account that the diffraction phenomena are predictable • Diffraction is not a random, chaotic event - it is measurable and predictable • Diffraction is 3 dimensional which allows a system to understand an object’s depth and orientation in relation to the reader • Estimating an object’s depth and orientation allows the system to read multiple discrete tags All Without Line of Sight
The SARcode Concept - Controlling the Diffraction Effects The SARcode creates up to 96 bits in a small area and consumes only 10% of the conductive ink required for a printed RFID antenna!!!! 119mm x 50mm (4.68 x 1.9 inches) • Sequence of 37 symbols, each positioned (or not) in 1 of 9 potential vertical positions • Special symbols for tag positioning • 96 bits matrix = EPC code capacity • Very high error correction capacity • Tag dimensions = 119mm x 50mm
Radar-Based Imaging • The reader is based on a multi antenna array, is operating in the MM wave spectra and is based on InSAR and SAR algorithms. It detects multi-symbol patterns and their inter-symbol diffraction effects. The tag is carrying up to 96 bits of information and can be read in an extended range. • Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a form of RADAR technology in which sophisticated post-processing techniques of SAR data are used to produce a very narrow effective beam. • The result is a map of radar reflectivity, including both amplitude and phase data. • The SAR principle is expected to be used in all reader applications. • The series of observations can produce the same resolution as of that of a very large antenna; InkSure’s process creates a synthetic aperture that is much larger than the length of the reader’s discrete antennas. • Interferometer Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) • InSAR extracts data from the phase information. • Utilizing major improvements and developments of InSAR algorithms, we can detect typical static/ hand held applications. • InSAR allows the tag size to be substantially smaller.
SAR Fundamentals Forming a very narrow beam using a large synthetic aperture Narrow beam = high resolution Output = image 12
SARcode Processing Example What You See What the Reader Sees What the Mathematic Model Sees Notice Diffraction “Blur” 14
Multiple Tags Reading Process Second step: High resolution SAR for single tag data detection First step: Low resolution SAR reading multi tag Third step: Image Processing resulting in evaluation of tag bit data 010011001011…0101 011111001010…1101
InkSure Readers SARCam I - Conveyor Version • Up to 1 foot reading distance; 3 feet in 2009 • Weighs less than 1 pound • Up to 150 milliseconds reading time • Dual tag reading option over single item /reading process • Reading compatibility with any released SARcode format • “Tailor Made” designs for specialty applications • Connectivity feature to any infrastructure, backbone ~30cm(11.8 inches) ~10cm(3.9 inches) 16 16
InkSure Readers – SARCam IIFor Stationary Applications • Read range of 5” to 12”; up to 2 feet in 2009 • Up to 150ms reading time • Multiple tag reading options • Reading compatibility with any released SARcode format • “Tailor Made” designs for specialty applications • Connectivity features. 17
InkSure Readers – SARCam III For Portable/Handheld Applications • Up to 1 foot reading distance; 2 feet in 2009 • Up to 850ms reading time • Multiple tag reading options • Reading compatibility with any released SARcode format • “Tailor Made” designs for specialty applications • Connectivity features ~25 cm( 9.8inches) ~35 cm (13.8inches) Weighs Less Than 2 Pounds 18
InkSure Readers – SARCam IIIMultiple tag reading requirements Range separation > 1” or Cross-range separation > ½” Up to 3 tags (2008) Cross-range separation 30 degree in all axis Range separation 19
InkSure Readers – 2008 • SARCam I Conveyor Availability: • Beta/Pilot: 06/2008 • Commercial: 11/2008 • SARCam II Stationary and SARCam III Handheld Availability: • Beta/Pilot: Q3/2008 • Commercial: Q1/2009 20
SARcode Printing Capabilites Creating a 96 bit tag pattern
SARcode Printing Capabilities Creating a 64 bit tag pattern
Printing Flexibility Tag size Vs. data capacity 96 Bits(5cm/1.97”x11.43cm/4.5”) 34 bits (5cm/1.97” x 5.08cm/2”) 15 Bits(2cm/.787”x5.08cm/2”) 41 Bits(2cm/.787”x11.43cm/4.5”) 23
Printing FlexibilityDifferent tag layouts for different applications – 64bit example B2R5 B3R5 121mm X 41mm (4.76x 1.6 inches) 88mm X 41mm (3.46 x 1.6 inches) B2R2 B3R2 15 Bits(2cm/.787”x5.08cm/2”) 80mm X 45mm (3.15 x 1.77 inches) 119mm X 45mm (4.68 x 1.77 inches) 24
InkSure SARcode FormatsSize/Data Conversion Method: 28-to-74 bit 25
InkSure SARcode Formats Size/Data Conversion Method: 34-to-96 bit 26
InkSure SARcode Print Process Capabilities • Conductive Ink Development • Nano-scale development underway • Sintering tests for InkJet printing underway • Thermal Transfer Ribbon in test and available (InkSure and IIMAK joint development) Tag image – Screen Printing Tag image – Ink Jet Printing
How Our Technology Will Be Used • Consumer Promotions Estimated Annual Volume Potential: Billions ¹ • Brand Protection Needs for Multi-Layer Anti- Counterfeiting Estimated Volume Potential:100s of billions ¹ • Printing Industry – Sorting and Verification of Documents Estimated Volume Potential:100s of billions ¹ • Drug/Pharmaceutical Identification Estimated Volume Potential: 100s of billions¹ ¹ ID TechEX and Internal estimates for unit volumes
How Our Technology Will Be Used • Asset tracking /internal identification Estimated Volume Potential: Hundreds of Millions¹ • Replacement of barcodes for added information and added “package real estate” Estimated Volume Potential: Trillions¹ • Anywhere “Low Cost and Easy to Print” is important= $ & ¢ !!
SARcode Summary 2008 Pilot tests begin Read Range =1 foot (conveyor/handheld) Read Speed=0.15 second (conveyor), 0.85 second (handheld) Information Capacity = up to 96 bits Print Sizes = 4.6” x 1.6” Non-Line of sight reading = yes Orientation Flexibility = yes Anti–collision = yes Anti-counterfeiting capability = no 2009 and Beyond Commercial Availability Read Range =3 feet (conveyor), 2 feet (handheld) Read Speed = 0.15 sec. (conveyor), 0.85 second (handheld) Information Capacity = up to 113 bits Print Sizes = 4.6” x 1.6” Non-Line of sight reading = yes Orientation flexibility = yes Anti –collision = yes Anti-counterfeiting capability = yes 30