Bloodborne Pathogens

1. Bloodborne Pathogens Head Start Child and Family Development ,Inc. Self Leaning Presentation An overview of the OSHA standard designed to protect you from bloodborne pathogens

2. Introduction • Exposure to bloodborne pathogens can occur anywhere including your workplace. • Infection on the job most often occurs by direct exposure to blood. • At school, your risk is low because contact with blood is infrequent--but still possible.

3. Bloodborne Diseases • Blood can carry many diseases • The 3 most common are • HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) • HBV (hepatitis B virus) • HCV (hepatitis C virus)

4. Human Immunodeficiency Virus • HIV attacks the body’s immune system • A person can be infected with HIV and take years to develop symptoms • Symptoms can be flu-like--fatigue, fever, diarrhea • A person infected with HIV will develop AIDS and/or AIDS related illnesses—cancer, neurological problems, opportunistic infections • HIV is transmitted through sexual contact or contact with blood and other body fluids • There is NO vaccine to prevent HIV

5. Hepatitis B Virus • Hepatitis--“inflammation of the liver”—can cause serious liver damage, cirrhosis, and death • Symptoms can be flu-like—fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice—and can become so severe that hospitalization is needed or a person may have NO symptoms at all • A person without symptoms may not know that he is infected • HBV can be transmitted by blood, saliva and other body fluids • HBV can be transmitted to family members, sexual partners and unborn infants

6. Hepatitis C Virus • HCV also affects the liver • Symptoms may be flu-like as with HBV • 75% of people with HCV have NO symptoms and 85% of these will develop chronic liver disease • A blood test is needed to determine if the virus is HBV or HCV • HCV is the #1 indicator for liver transplant • There is NO vaccine to prevent HCV

7. Transmission • Bloodborne diseases are found in • Blood • Other body fluids containing visible blood • Semen or vaginal secretions • Loose or torn skin • Bloodborne diseases can enter the body through • Open cuts, abrasions, nicks in the skin • Dermatitis • Acne • Mucous membranes of eyes, mouth or nose

8. Transmission • Infection can be spread by injury from a contaminated object such as • Broken glass • Needles • Knives or other sharp metals • Indirectly, a person can transmit bloodborne diseases by touching an infected surface or object and transferring the disease to their • eyes • nose • mouth • open skin

9. Transmission • A major source for transmission of hepatitis is contaminated surfaces. • HBV can survive for at least one week on environmental surfaces at room temperature.

10. Standard Precautions • All persons are treated the same regardless of age, sex, socioeconomic class or geographic location. • Every person and every body fluid is treated as a potential source of infectious disease.

11. Exposure Control Plan • The HEAD START Child & Family Development Centers, INC. has developed its own Exposure Control Plan • The Plan • Identifies all staff involved • Identifies potential risks • Determines ways to decrease risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens on the job • A copy is found in each building.

12. Protect Yourself • 5 strategies to decrease the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens • Work Practice Controls • Personal Protective Equipment • Housekeeping • Engineering Controls • Hepatitis B Vaccine

13. Work Practice Controls • Wash your hands • After glove removal • If you have direct contact with blood • Personal Hygiene • Do not consume food or beverage or apply make-up where occupational exposure is likely • Minimize splashing, spraying, or generation of droplets when blood is involved • Do not store food or beverage where it could come in contact with blood or other infectious materials

14. Personal Protective Equipment • Types of Personal Protection Equipment • Gloves • Gowns • Protective eyewear • Masks • Resuscitation devices • The use of Personal Protective Equipment is determined by the amount of anticipated exposure • Head Start provides the equipment that is needed for protection in each classroom.

15. Personal Protective Equipment • General Rules Personal Protective Equipment • must be appropriate for task • must fit properly • must be free from defects • must be used each time there is contact with potentially infectious materials • Training on the proper use of Personal Protective Equipment must occur.

16. Personal Protective Equipment • Gloves • Must be worn when dealing with blood or other potentially infectious materials • Use once and dispose • Replace if torn or damaged • Wash your hands when task is done • Cover cuts and abrasions with band-aids first • Utility gloves may be decontaminated and reused if they are intact

17. Housekeeping • Contaminated surfaces need to be cleaned as soon as possible • Never handle sharp objects—broken glass—with bare hands • Contaminated sharp objects must be placed in a puncture-resistant container • Custodians trained and equipped to clean up accidents in the classroom

18. Engineering Controls • Red bags • Dispose of contaminated waste--dripping, pourable, squeezable– ONLY in red bags • Located in each classroom. • If you’re in doubt, use the red bag

19. Hepatitis B Vaccine • Head Start provides the Hepatitis B Vaccine as a benefit for all employees considered at risk for exposure • If you have not had the vaccine, and would like to receive it, please see the nurse. • If you have an exposure and have not had the vaccine, you can begin the series within 24 hours (and complete it) to acquire protection

20. Exposure • Notify your supervisor and/or the nurse • You are entitled to • A confidential medical evaluation • Blood tests • Post-exposure treatment if available • Follow-up counseling • This is coordinated through the Health Service Nurse or your Supervisor.

21. Summary • Treat everyone the same • Anticipate your exposure • Protect yourself--use the appropriate equipment • Get the Hepatitis B vaccine series • Familiarize yourself with the Bloodborne Pathogen Engineering Control Plan

22. Question and Answer • See the Health Service Manager or your Supervisor if you have any questions. • You can also speak to the Public Health Department – Health Education • Franciscan Skemp Occupational Health, Hospital or local clinic. • Your physician can also answer your questions.

23. Certificate of Completion Head Start Child & Family Development Centers, Inc. I, ___________________________, certify that I have read “Bloodborne Pathogens” power point presentation. I agree to follow this guided training as part of my job duties. ___________________________________ _________________ Employee SignatureDate This signed original is to be given to the Head Start Admin. Office and will be retained within the employees personnel file. A copy will also be maintained in staff’s training file. (print this page: File, Print, Slide, 23, then click Print)