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5. A Look at Japan. Page 85. Geography. Page 85. Economy and Business. Dependent on imported raw materials and fossil fuels Positive trade balance Unrestricted flow of capital and financial transactions Unique to Japanese business—the Keiretsu. Page 87. Japan’s National Debt.
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5. A Look at Japan Page 85
Geography Page 85
Economy and Business • Dependent on imported raw materials and fossil fuels • Positive trade balance • Unrestricted flow of capital and financial transactions • Unique to Japanese business—the Keiretsu Page 87
Japan’s National Debt • 200 percent of its GDP • Offset by trade surplus, foreign currency portfolio • Investor confidence • Difficult reckoning in 10–20 years? • Aging population • Shrinking workforce • Cost of debt service • Waning export competitiveness Page 88
2011 Disaster • Human tragedy • Lost families, homes, and livelihoods • 363,000 buildings were completely or partially destroyed • Damage to infrastructure • Most expensive natural disaster in history • A decade to rebuild • Opposition to nuclear power plants Page 88
Land Lease • Scarcity of land • Many small landholders , small land parcels • Land lease system • Landowner maintains title to the land • Leaseholder receives the right to construct and occupy a building on it Page 85
Can Foreigners Own Real Estate? • No restrictions or conditions • No government permission or approval • Free flow of capital • May establish a operate a business But…. • Mortgage financing obstacles Page 90
Home values depreciate • Sell at deep discounts • 25-year old home has no value • Most are rebuilt after 25–30 years • No value in quality construction • Japanese favor new • Previous owner’s bad fortune? Secondhand Housing Page 91
Homeownership Trends • Homeownership rate—61% • Small living spaces, condos—45 m2, single family homes—121 m2 • land prices a barometer for new home prices • 1 tsubo = two standard tatami mats(3.3 square meters , 35.5 square feet) Page 92
Rental Property • Pre-landlord, expensive process • 5-7 months rent • Key money—thank you for privilege of renting • Direct transfer of rent payments from the tenant’s bank account • Foreign Resident Registration Card Page 93
Real Estate Professionals • Real estate business licensing • Sales agent licensing • Commission rates are fixed by the National Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transportation Page 85
Office Vacancy Rates New Buildings Existing Buildings Page 94
Doing Business in JapanBeyond the Basics • Names • Initial Contact and Introductions • Intermediaries • Business Relationships • Business Cards • Meetings • Demeanor • Negotiations and Decisions • Social Etiquette • A Few Taboos Page 98-102
Amae • Hada to hada • Nemawashi • Tatemaeand honne Building Relationships Page 99