Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code

1. Engineering Technology Division Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code

2. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code Overview History – Start to now Organization - Sections Additions – Sections, Updates Code Personnel – Committee, Sub Committee, Working Group Inspectors – National Board of B&PV National Board Requirements Code Case – Questions, Cases DOT Regulations Weld Repairs

3. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History Early 1800’s - Steam was power source for locomotives, ships and power plants. Boiler explosions were quite common. Steam was generated at around 50 psi and the boiler plates were only riveted together As the boiler pressures increased, so did the catastrophic failures.

4. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History • By the early 1900’s, in the US, over 50,000 dead and 2,000,000 were severely injured due to explosions. • Two of these catastrophic failures, that occurred between 1800 and 1900, focused the public’s attention for the need for safety and a better product.

5. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History • March 2nd, 1854 – Fales and Gray Car Works boiler explodes in Hartford, CT with 21 dead and 50 seriously injured. • April 22nd, 1865 – Three of four boilers explode and sunk the steamship Sultana on the Mississippi River with 1200 to 1500 dead or missing.

6. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History • Even though the Industrial Revolution is primarily associated with the United States, it was occurring world wide. • Steam power was providing the necessary energy to expanded, supplied power, manufacturing and transportation.

7. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History Number of Boiler Explosions World Wide

8. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History 1866 - Harford Steam Boiler and Inspection Company was incorporated by the State of Connecticut. “The Hartford” promoted the standardization and good engineering practices, including inspections on all boilers 1880 - thirty (30) mechanical engineers formed a society to advance the interest of the Mechanical Engineering Discipline. The result was ASME 1898 – ASME Council Formed to standardize the specifications for construction of boilers

9. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History 1905 – Shoe Factory boiler explosion in MA, 58 dead 117 injured 1907 – Second Shoe Factor boiler explosion in MA, 1 dead 1907 - Massachusetts passed legislation requiring a Certificate of Insurance Before After

10. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History 1911 – ASME Council formed Boiler Code Committee 1914 – First ASME Code edition (Section I) was published. Massachusetts published Code for boilers 1921 – Formation of the National Board of Pressure Vessel Inspectors and first publication of ASME Code Section 3 on the design and construction

11. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History

12. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History 1966 – ASME Code grew from 3 to 10 sections, the United States Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC) began developing criteria for in service examinations of reactor coolant systems 1968 – First draft of the in service inspection of nuclear reactor coolant systems 1970 – First ASME Code Section XI published for Class 1 components

13. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code History 1971 – Acceptance of ASME Section XI and acceptance published in 10 CFR 50.55(a) 1974 – ASME Section XI was expanded to include the criteria for Class 2 and Class 3 systems 1998 – 60 countries worldwide utilize the ASME Code. 15 of these countries have adopted the entire Code. 42 of these countries have a Section III N-Stamp for construction

14. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Organization

15. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Organization

16. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Organization • Code Books - I to XI • Sections - I to XI • Divisions – 1, 2, 3, …. • Sub-Sections – IWA, IWB, … • Articles - 1100, 1200, … • Sub Articles – 1110, 1120 • Updates • Annual • Legality – Published in Federal Register

17. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Committes • Main Committee • Sub Committees • Sub Groups • Working Groups • Special Working Groups As of 2009, over 140,000 members

18. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code Nation Board of B&PV Inspectors Steam drove the Industrial Revolution during the mid-19th century. At this point in history, conversion of water was considered both good and bad. Good - powered industrial progress, Bad - boilers used employed new and unproven technology. The ASME Code provided a solid reference of construction standards, it lacked an important component: the authority to regulate. This was complicated by existence of local and state jurisdictions having their own codes and standards. On December 2, 1919, Ohio Chief Inspector Carl Myers met with chief inspectors. This was the genesis of The National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors.

19. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code Nation Board of B&PV Inspectors The NBIC was first published in 1945 and is today the only standard recognized worldwide for inservice repair and alteration of boilers and pressure vessels. Approved as (ANSI) in August 1987, the National Board Inspection Code has been adopted by a number of states and jurisdictions, as well as federal regulatory agencies, including the US Department and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (nuclear only).

20. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Cases, Questions & Interpretations Code Cases are developed and published to provide alternatives to Code requirements, or in some cases, to clarify the intent of existing requirements. Code questions are inquiries that are submitted to the ASME Code to gain clarification Code Interpretations are written replies to specific inquiries submitted to the Committee interpreting aspects of the Code technical requirements.

21. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Case

22. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code ASME Code Interpretations

23. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code Weld Repairs • Qualified Vendor – N Stamp or R B&PV Stamp • Same NDE Method as manufacture or assembly • Reports filed to identify a repair – R-1 and/or R-2 • Repair area stamped to identify repair • Testing to original standards – Hydrostatic Test – 125%

24. Chapter 1– Origin, Development and Jurisdiction of ASME Code Questions?