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Biomes

Biomes. There are 6 major biomes in the world:. Rain Forest Desert Grassland Deciduous or Temperate Forest Taiga or Boreal Forest Tundra. Rain Forest Biome. Rain Forest Biome Climate. Almost constant temperature - 25°C (77°F) High humidity

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Biomes

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  1. Biomes

  2. There are 6 major biomes in the world: • Rain Forest • Desert • Grassland • Deciduous or Temperate Forest • Taiga or Boreal Forest • Tundra

  3. Rain Forest Biome

  4. Rain Forest Biome Climate • Almost constant temperature - 25°C (77°F) • High humidity • More than 200 cm rainfall yearly www.angelfire.com

  5. Rain Forest Animals • More than any other biome - the greatest variety (or diversity) and number of animals live here. The reason is the constant warmth and supply of water and food. • Small animals (monkeys, birds, snakes, rodents, frogs, lizards, insects, etc) often live only in the trees – never coming to the ground

  6. Rain Forest Plants • Emergent Layer • Canopy • Understory • Forest Floor • There is 12 hours of sunlight in a tropical rainforest biome, but less than 2% of it reaches the ground. • Soil is very poor and infertile. • “Jungle”

  7. Desert Biome

  8. Desert Biome These areas get very little precipitation and have extreme temperatures. www.uwsp.edu

  9. Desert Biome Climate • 10°C – 38°C (50°F - 100°F) • Less than 25 cm (10 in) rainfall yearly

  10. Desert Animals • Reptiles, insects, birds, small mammals. • These animals seek shade, burrow, and are active at night (nocturnal). • Get water from food: insects, seeds, plants

  11. Desert Plants • Short grasses, sagebrush, creosote bushes, cacti • Adaptations for survival: LONG (20 – 30 ft) tap roots (root goes deep into the ground to “tap” into groundwater, large horizontal root systems, and the ability to store water

  12. Grassland Biome

  13. 2 types of grassland biome Prairies – found in middle latitudes Savannas – found close to equator www.lasr.net www.ucmp.berkeley.edu

  14. Grassland Biome Climate • 0°C – 25°C (32°F - 77°F) • 25-100 cm rainfall yearly • Very warm summers

  15. Grassland (Prairie) Animals • Buffalo, prairie dogs – many small mammals which are herbivores

  16. Grassland (Savannah) Animals • Some of the Earth’s largest animals: elephants, giraffes, antelopes, cheetah, lions, rhinoceros • Many migrate because there is a long dry season and a wet season.

  17. Grassland (Prairie) plants • Grasses and other non-woody plants which can grow very tall because the soil is very fertile. • Droughts are common – plants have adapted to survive long periods without water. • Fires are common – in fact helps new growth for many of these plants.

  18. Grassland (Savannah) plants • Grasses and some short (scrub) trees. Grasses can grow very tall because the soil is very fertile. • Have adapted to survive the long dry seasons and intense wet seasons • Grow quickly when the water is available • Fires are common – in fact helps new growth for many of these plants.

  19. Deciduous Forest or Temperate Forest Biome

  20. Deciduous Forest Biome http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov • Deciduous trees are trees that lose their leaves. • 50 cm - 200 cm precipitation yearly (rain and snow)

  21. Deciduous Forest Biome • 4 distinct seasons • The summers are warm and the winters are cool. The average temperatures in the summer are 28º C (82º F) and in the winter are 6º C (43º F).

  22. Deciduous Forest Biome • These forests have several layers of vegetation or plants. These plants include shrubs, moss, ferns, and lichens because they don’t need much light. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov

  23. Deciduous Forest Biome • The trees in these forests are hardwoods such as oak, hickory, maple, beech, birch, and sweet gum. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov

  24. Deciduous Forest Biome • There is a diverse population of animals in these forests and a large number of animals. They are all adapted to survive the season changes. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov

  25. Deciduous Forest Biome Climate • Examples of animals include cardinals, robins, owls, deer, black rat snakes, opossum, mice, squirrels, raccoons, etc. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov

  26. Deciduous Forest or Temperate Forest Biome Georgia is in a deciduous forest biome.

  27. Taiga (Coniferous or Boreal Forest)

  28. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome Climate • Very cold winters average = -10º C or 14º F; warmer summer temperatures, average = 14º C or 57º F

  29. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome Climate • 45-125 cm precipitation yearly

  30. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • This is a forest of conifers. Conifers are trees that produce seeds in cones. The pine tree is a common example.

  31. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • Conifer leaves save water with a thick, waxy layer that covers the leaves, or needles.

  32. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • Conifers are softwoods. Other examples are fir, spruce, and hemlock (think Christmas trees)

  33. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • Most of the animals are herbivores. • Most survive the brutal winters by migrating or hibernating.

  34. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • Migration is the movement of animals from one habitat that will no longer support them to another habitat that will.

  35. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • Hibernation is when an animal is inactive and slows down its metabolism. It is able to lower its body temperature, slow down its breathing, and/or lower its metabolic rate.

  36. Taiga/Boreal/Coniferous Forest Biome • Examples of herbivores are squirrels, insects, birds, snowshoe hares, moose, and beavers. • Examples of predators are wolves, bears, great horned owls, foxes, and lynxes.

  37. Tundra Biome

  38. Tundra Biome Climate • -40°C – 10°C (-40°F – 50°F) • Less than 25 cm precipitation yearly • Tundra means “marshy plain” www.blueplanetbiomes.org

  39. Tundra Biome www.blueplanetbiomes.org • Permafrost is soil that stays frozen all year. It is found beneath the top, thawed layer.

  40. Tundra Biome • Because of the permafrost the top layer of soil is always soggy. Because the soil that is NOT frozen is only a few inches deep, only plants with shallow roots can survive.

  41. Tundra Biome www.blueplanetbiomes.org • Plants are mosses, grasses, shrubs, and small, short trees.

  42. Tundra Biome www.blueplanetbiomes.org • In the summer there are many insects and birds that feed on the insects. Before winter these birds migrate.

  43. Tundra Biome Climate www.blueplanetbiomes.org • Mammals of the tundra include caribou, foxes, wolves, polar bears, and arctic wolves.

  44. Tundra Biome www.blueplanetbiomes.org • The mammals that remain in the winter grow thick fur coats.

  45. Tundra Biome www.blueplanetbiomes.org • Small mammals like lemmings, hares, and shrews are also common.

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