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Meiosis and babies

Meiosis and babies. Announcements . Monday (14 th )- I will be checking homework completion 1. Meiosis/mitosis worksheet 2. DNA crossword 3. p. 181 #1-8 Tuesday (15 th )- Mitosis/ meiosis quiz Thursday (16 th )- Karyotype assignment due . Quiz outline .

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Meiosis and babies

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  1. Meiosis and babies

  2. Announcements Monday (14th)- I will be checking homework completion1. Meiosis/mitosis worksheet2. DNA crossword 3. p. 181 #1-8 Tuesday (15th)- Mitosis/ meiosis quiz Thursday (16th)- Karyotype assignment due

  3. Quiz outline • Mitosis, its purpose and mechanics (PMAT) • Cell cycle and what occurs at each stage • Meiosis, its purpose and mechanics (PMAT 1 and 2) • Understand how meiosis increases genetic diversity • Differences between mitosis and meiosis • Non-disjunction • Crossing over error and diseases • DNA vs. RNA structure • DNA function • Mutations: types and causes • Cancer- briefly

  4. Homework Page 186 #1-10

  5. Making babies Mother’s germ cells (2n) go through meiosis to form 1 oocyte (1n) Father’s germ cells (2n) go thought meiosis to form 4 sperms (1n) each To make a baby, you need: 1. 1 sperm (1n) 2. 1 egg (1n)

  6. Making babies Egg and sperm fuse Zygote (2n) baby (2n) Twins? Identical twins derived from the same zygote- genetically identical -same gender Fraternal twins derived from different zygotes (Two different sperms fertilize two different eggs) - Completely different babies (can have different gender)

  7. Reproductive strategies and technologies Techn

  8. Reproductive tech. in animals 1. Selective breeding- Process of breeding plants and animals for desirable traits. 2. Artificial insemination: Process by which Semen is collected from males (with desired traits) and introduced into the female’s reproductive tract. 3. Embryo transfer: Making embryos with desirable traits and implanting them into females to grow.

  9. Reproductive tech. in humans 1. Artificial insemination: Same as in other animals http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQZccXEe55w 2. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): Female eggs are collected and fertilized in the lab with the male sperm, then implanted into the female uterus. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeigYib39Rs 3. Pre-Implantation genetic diagnosis (Doctor only implants healthy embroys back in the female in IVF)

  10. Cloning: Gene cloning Gene cloning: The use of DNA manipulation techniques to produce multiple copies of a single gene segment of DNA Why? Ex: Diabetes Type I patients cannot produce Insulin In the old days: Used porcine insulin (from pigs) Now, we use bacteria to make human Insulin This is done using gene cloning

  11. Gene Cloning Bacteria have one chromosome, but they also carry little circular DNA pieces called PLASMIDS. Plasmids are used for gene cloning Steps: From the animal cell (human pancreatic cell) cut out the Insulin gene. Take out the plasmid from a bacterium

  12. Gene cloning 3. Cut the plasmid and insert human insulin gene into it. 4. Put the plasmid back into the bacterium 5. Now the bacterium has the human insulin gene and it will make insulin. 6. The bacteria are allowed to multiply and produce insulin 7. The bacteria are killed and the human insulin is collected.

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