Biological Molecules Project

1. Biological Molecules Project Carbohydrates/ Simple Sugars By: Carissa W, Emma P & Paige S

2. Carbohydrates{means “watered carbon”} • Are compounds that provide energy to living cells. They are compounds of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen with the ratio of 2 hydrogens : for every oxygen atom. • Carbohydrates monomers are called monosaccharides, which are also known as simple sugars. • Carboyhdratespolymer are called Polysaccharides. Monosaccharidesare joined together through dehydration synthesisto form Polysaccharides. • In the form of: sugars, starches, and cellulose. • C6H12O6 [glucose]

3. What makes up the monomer/polymer pair? • Monomer are composed of either five or six carbons that have a ring-like structure. Examples of monomers are glucose, fructose and galactose. Polymer can be composed of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides combined together. Examples of polysaccharides include starch, cellulose and glycogen.

4. How does the human body uses the pair? • Polymer are digested to glucose in the stomach and small intestine. • Monomers are mostly connected end-to-end, but there is also some branching within the starch molecule.

5. What else in nature uses any aspect of your pair?

6. What happens is your pair has a mutation/error

7. Simple Sugars • Are carbohydrates that are quickly absorbed by the body to produce energy. They are also classified as “Simple” because they contain only one or two units of sugar or saccharides. They are found naturally in a variety of foods that we consume daily.

8. Functions{Simple Sugars} • The brain and nervous system utilize carbohydrates for energy. • In the body, carbohydrates are broken down into molecules called glucose, which is either use for energy or stored for later period. • Simple sugars break down quickly which raises blood sugar levels quickly.

9. Wikipedia.org Hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase-organic/carb.html