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Dome v ideo production

Dome v ideo production. Miroslav Andel miroslav.andel@liu.se. Outline. The dome format Generation of dome images Camera Computer Graphics Pipeline Compression. The dome format. Different type of domes Hemispherical. The dome format. Different type of domes Hemispherical

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Dome v ideo production

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  1. Dome video production Miroslav Andel miroslav.andel@liu.se

  2. Outline • The dome format • Generation of dome images • Camera • Computer Graphics • Pipeline • Compression Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  3. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  4. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  5. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical • Flat (usually planetariums) Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  6. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical • Flat (usually planetariums) • Tilted Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  7. The dome format -Fisheye projector -Spherical mirror • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical • Flat (usually planetariums) • Tilted • Low resolution (single projector) Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  8. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical • Flat (usually planetariums) • Tilted • Low resolution (single projector) • High resolution (multiple projectors) Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  9. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical • Flat (usually planetariums) • Tilted • Low resolution (single projector) • High resolution (multiple projectors) • Truncated projection Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  10. The dome format • Different type of domes • Hemispherical • Semispherical • Flat (usually planetariums) • Tilted • Low resolution (single projector) • High resolution (multiple projectors) • Truncated projection • One format – Fulldome master Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  11. Fulldome master • Square frame with a circular equidistant fisheye content • Covering 360 degrees of the azimuth • Covering >= 180 degrees FOV • Flat domes uses often more than 180 FOV to make terrain visible • IMERSA.org community • Resolution (usually power of two) • 1024x1024 (1k) • 2048x2048 (2k) • 3072x3072 (3k) • 4096x4096 (4k) Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  12. Fulldome master Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  13. Fulldome master • Frame rate • 30 fps • 30 drop frame (29.97 fps/NTSC) • 60 fps • Bit depth • 8 bits per color • Normal camera elevation angle of 150 Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  14. Fulldome master • Image sequence • PNG (lossless) • TGA (lossless) • JPEG • Preview • 4:3 HD video (720p or 1080p) Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  15. Audio • Number of channels • 7.1 • 5.1 • Stereo • Use separate uncompressed wav-files for each channel • Naming • Ex: projectname_L.wav • _L, _R, _C, _LFE, _Ls, _Rs, _Lside& _Rside Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  16. Immersion in a dome Head above or as close to springline as possible Problem: Occlusion of projector beam Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  17. Dome data Tilt = 270 Radius = 7.4 m FOV = 1650 Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  18. Camera • Fisheye lens • 4.5 mm for APS sensor camera • 8 mm for fullframe sensor camera • Best image quality and resolution in the center of the lens • Color inaccuracy in large angles Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  19. Camera Resolution in HD video ~ 1k Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  20. Camera Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  21. Camera • Still images ~ 3k • Canon EOS 600D 5184 x 3456 • Timelaps • Tempus Ruhr Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  22. Camera • Still images ~ 3k • Canon EOS 600D 5184 x 3456 • Timelaps • Tempus Ruhr • RED camera 4k cinema ~ 2k fisheye • Ladybug 30MP camera Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  23. Computer graphics • 3D rendering software • 3D studio max • Maya • Blender Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  24. Computer graphics • 3D rendering software • 3D studio max • Maya • Blender • No standard 180 degree fisheye cameras/lenses Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  25. Computer graphics • 3D rendering software • 3D studio max • Maya • Blender • No standard 180 degree fisheye cameras/lenses • Method 1: Using reflective sphere as a mirror Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  26. Computer graphics • 3D rendering software • 3D studio max • Maya • Blender • No standard 180 degree fisheye cameras/lenses • Method 1: Using reflective sphere as a mirror • Method 2: Render inside of a box using 5 cameras with 900 FOV and then stitch the images to a fisheye Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  27. Stitching • Using Glom • Input: • Output: Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  28. Stitching Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  29. Stitching example 3D studio max Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  30. Stitching Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  31. Stitching Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  32. Playback system 7th sense Delta http://7thsensedesign.com/ 2x RAID-5 partitions per server for hi-bandwidth data access and redundancy 6 IGs in a cluster SMPTE timecode for video/audio sync Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  33. Splitting Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  34. Pipeline Low-res (<=2k) • Render • Edit • Stitch • Split • Compress • Distribute Hi-res (>2k) Render Edit Stitch Split Compress Distribute Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  35. Compression 4k frame split to 6 projectors = 6 x 1920 x 1200 x 3 = 39.55 MB 10 minutes = 10 x 60 x 30 = 18000 frames Total = 695.23 GB Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  36. Compression YUV color space 4:4:4, 1:1 compression 4:2:2, (ProRes) 1.5:1 compression 4:2:0 (MPEG-2), 2:1 compression Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  37. Compression YUV color space 4:4:4, 1:1 compression 4:2:2, (ProRes) 1.5:1 compression 4:2:0 (MPEG-2), 2:1 compression Lossless compression using zlib (DEFLATE algorithm) used in PNG and Zip Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

  38. Contrast Reflections causes low contrast Using a gradient improves contrast in “focus area” of the dome Miroslav Andel – Dome video production

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