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The Election of 1920. GOP nominated Ohio Sen. Warren G. Harding “Normalcy” Democrats ran Ohio Gov. James M. Cox Coolidge as GOP VP candidate FDR as Democratic VP candidate Republican landslide. Warren G. Harding. Nativism. Came out of various worries following WWI
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The Election of 1920 GOP nominated Ohio Sen. Warren G. Harding “Normalcy” Democrats ran Ohio Gov. James M. Cox Coolidge as GOP VP candidate FDR as Democratic VP candidate Republican landslide Warren G. Harding
Nativism Came out of various worries following WWI Prejudice against foreign-born people Evident in immigration quotas, rise of the Ku Klux Klan Also led to “Red Scare” An anti-immigrant poster from California Senator James Phelan’s campaign, 1920
The “Red Scare” Begun by Russia’s Bolshevik Revolution (1917) Fear of communist revolution in the U.S. Heightened by 1919 anarchist bombings Passage of various sedition laws
Immigration Quotas Emergency Quota Act (1921) Immigration Act of 1924 Limited annual number of immigrants from a nation to 2% of number of immigrants living in the U.S. in 1890 Immigration from most Asian nations stopped Some groups given preference over others A cartoon satirizing the quota system
Sacco & Vanzetti Charged with robbery and murder Convicted on highly circumstantial evidence Sentenced to death Many protested convictions and sentence Both executed in 1927 i Bartolomeo Vanzetti and Nicola Sacco
Rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan Promoted “100% Americanism” Opposed Catholics, Jews, immigrants, unions, and socialists, as well as African Americans Membership swelled to nearly 4.5 million by 1924 Leadership paid Klansmen to recruit new members Dr. Hiram Wesley Evans, an Atlanta dentist, headed the resurgent KKK
Discussion Questions Why did Harding win the election of 1920 in a landslide? How did his election reflect changing American values and ideals? Why did the Red Scare take hold in the U.S. in the years following World War I? What events helped to sustain it?
Discussion Questions (continued) Why did the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti generate such protest in the U.S. and around the world? In your view, did they get a fair trial? Why or why not? Why might the Ku Klux Klan have enjoyed such popularity all over the country (i.e., not just in the South) in the 1920s? Why do you think many did not oppose the Klan and its policies at the time?
What is a guiding question and its purpose? - Guiding Questions are used to “guide” your research and help you stay on track. - These questions eventually should help you form your thesis. - Your thesis contains specific examples that support your statement of controlling purpose.
They cannot be: - answered with yes or no - too broad - too narrow - vague - opinionated - irrelevant They should be: - open ended - clearly stated - relevant - answerable
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