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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. Notes. Transfer of Energy. Use of oxygen to breakdown sugar into carbon dioxide and water Formula: Glucose + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + Energy (ATP). Mitochondria. Cristae inner membrane folds Matrix fluid surrounding cristae which contain enzymes

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration Notes

  2. Transfer of Energy • Use of oxygen to breakdown sugar into carbon dioxide and water • Formula: Glucose + O2CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP)

  3. Mitochondria • Cristae • inner membrane folds • Matrix • fluid surrounding cristae which contain enzymes • used to transfer chemical energy from sugar to ATP

  4. Two Major Stages of Respiration Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration • Takes place in the presence of OXYGEN • Kreb’s Cycle • Electron Transport System (Chain) • Occurs when there is NO OXYGEN • Glycolysis • Fermentation • Alcohol • Lactic Acid

  5. Glycolysis • Takes place in cytoplasm • “Splitting of sugar” • Forms pyruvic acid • Hydrogen is released and picked up by NAD+ to form NADH (energy “taxi”) • Releases 2 ATP

  6. If there is OXYGEN…

  7. Aerobic Respiration • In the matrix of mitochondria • Pyruvic acid is converted to acetic acid (acetyl CoA) • Releases CO2 (waste) • NAD+ forms NADH

  8. Kreb’s Cycle • Acetyl CoA broken down completely • NAD+ forms NADH • FAD forms FADH2 (another “taxi”) • 2 ATP • CO2 given off

  9. Electron Transport System • NADH/FADH2 transports H to cristae of mitochondria • H electrons pass through series of electron acceptors (chain) • Forms 32 ATP • ADP + P  ATP • Oxygen at the end of chain combines with H to form H2O

  10. Energy Totals • Glycolysis = 2 • Krebs Cycle = 2 • ETS = 32 TOTAL = 36 ATP per sugar molecule

  11. If there is NO OXYGEN…

  12. Anaerobic Respiration Alcohol Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation • Pyruvate is converted to Ethyl Alcohol and CO2 • NADH releases H (back to NAD+) • NO ATP is produced • Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid • NADH releases H (back to NAD+) • NO ATP is produced

  13. Energy Totals • Glycolysis = 2 Total = 2 ATP per molecule of glucose

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