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Upgrading Nuclear Icebreaker Cores Based on Operating Experience and Post Irradiation Examinations

Upgrading Nuclear Icebreaker Cores Based on Operating Experience and Post Irradiation Examinations. O . B . Samoylov , O . A . Morozov , A . N . Lepekhin , V . Yu . Silaev , A . A . Zakharychev , V . V . Vasilyev JSC “Afrikantov OKBM” , Nizhny Novgorod , Russia. Taymyr.

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Upgrading Nuclear Icebreaker Cores Based on Operating Experience and Post Irradiation Examinations

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  1. Upgrading Nuclear Icebreaker Cores Based on Operating Experience andPost Irradiation Examinations O.B. Samoylov, O.A. Morozov, A.N. Lepekhin, V.Yu. Silaev, A.A. Zakharychev, V.V. Vasilyev JSC “Afrikantov OKBM”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

  2. Taymyr Commissioning: in 1989 Displacement: 20,791t Length / beam: 152/29m Draft: 8.1m Power: 50,000hp

  3. Vaygach Commissioning: in 1990 Displacement: 20,791t Length / beam: 152/29m Draft: 8.1m Power: 50,000hp

  4. Yamal Commissioning: in 1992Displacement: 23,460t Length / beam: 150/30m Draft: 11m Power: 75,000hp

  5. 50 Let Pobedy Commissioning: in 2007 Displacement: 25,840t Length / beam: 160/30m Draft: 11m Power: 75,000hp

  6. Sevmorput Commissioning: in 1988 Displacement: 61,900t Length / beam: 260/32m Draft: 12m Power: 39,400hp

  7. Achieved Performance of Nuclear Icebreaker RPs and Cores

  8. Special Characteristics of Marine Reactor Cores • High maneuverability: • number of power changes during life time:up to 3 х 104 • power maneuver:from 5 to 90% Nnom. • power change rate:from 0.1 to 1%/s; • Impossibility to adjust composition or reactivity margin during cycle; • Reactivity control by moving absorber rods; • Large share ofreactivity margin compensated byburnable absorbers (boron and gadolinium); • Widespread use of advanced physical and hydraulic profiling; • Strict requirements for reliable substantiation of neutron and physical and thermal-hydraulic characteristics, life time performance, andnuclear safety. Post-irradiation examination data Operating experience

  9. Database • Over 70 spent cores which operated within nuclear-powered ship reactors: experimental, -serial, +FA insertions; • Over 20 spent FAs which passed post-irradiation material examinations; • Experimental cores andFA insertions were tested during RP operation for its intended purpose that, taking into account a highly intense icebreaker operation,has been promoting minimization of expenses and test cycle duration.

  10. Upgrading FA Components Based on Post Irradiation Examination Results • wrapper material; • fuel element cladding material and design; • spacing system design; • fractional composition of fuel; • technological parameters for fuel element production; • composition of burnable poison rods and their production technology; • composition of borated structure components.

  11. 14-10-3М Core • Assigned energy capability - 2.1TWh • Lifetime - 34,000h • Fuel element and BPR • cladding material- zirconium (E110) • Fuel- dispersion • Based on successful tests of experimental cores and on SFA post irradiation examination results there was a transition to the use of 14-10-3M-type cores which ensured a qualitative leap in upgrading marine cores. Technical and economic performance of fuel cycle, radiation and ecological indices during operation and refueling have been considerably improved. • Development and implementation of 14-10-3М-type cores has become a significant achievement of Russian nuclear power industry.

  12. 14-10-3MFA Design • FA cross section • FA • Spacer grid

  13. Changing of CG Working Position During14-10-3M Core Burnup

  14. Radiation and ecological indices • Annual average individual irradiation doses ofImandra service ship A group personnel during refueling • Radwaste volume during icebreaker reactor refueling, m3

  15. 14-15-1 Corefor RITM-200 RP • Energy capability - 4.5TWh • Lifetime- 75,000h • Service life - 12 years • Fuel element and BPR cladding material - 42ChNiMo • Fuel - dispersion • Structural material - zirconium • 42CrNiMoalloy radiation and corrosion resistance for the assigned life time and service life has been confirmed by a set ofpre-irradiation examinations, a successful operating experience of several full-scale cores in operating reactors, the tests of FA insertions in serial cores as well as by the results of post irradiation material examinations ofFA components from these cores. • 14-15-1 cores characteristics show a significant progress in increasing operating andtechnical and economic performance.

  16. Prospective zirconium materials • The issue of the studies aimed at increasing zirconium alloys corrosion resistanceto use both in cladding and structure materials of the core and in-core elements with a view to increase life time remains relevant. • An important task is to examine SFA from Taymyr nuclear icebreaker 14-10-3U core.

  17. Conclusion • Over the past two decades significant advances have been made in terms of increasing life time, reliability, radiation and ecological safety,and technical and economic performance of marine reactor cores. • Progress in ensuring lifetime increase, reliability, and technical and economic performance of marine cores is based on twopillars, i.e.operating experience with operating reactors and results of post irradiation examinations of SFA components. • To a great extent, successful results of marine reactor cores operation have been ensured by the high-level scientific and technical expertise of JSC “SSC RIAR” materials examination school. It is imperative that we preserve and develop its traditions, the researchers’ professionalism, and the equipment capability of its research facilities in every possible way.

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